Linux(CentOS7)安装Tomcat与设置Tomcat为开机启动项，java进阶训练营资源

解压Tomcat压缩包

tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.47.tar.gz

启动Tomcat

进入Tomcat的bin目录，启动Tomcat

进入Tomcat的bin目录，启动Tomcat

cd apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/

启动Tomcat

./startup.sh

查看Tomcat是否启动成功

查看Tomcat是否启动成功执行

ps -ef | grep tomcat

如果输出如下，说明Tomcat安装成功

root 2381 1 11 22:18 pts/0 00:00:02 /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-to

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mcat-8.5.47 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start

root 2513 29060 0 22:18 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat

使用浏览器访问Tomcat，地址Linux的ip:8080，我这里的ip端口是http://47.106.106.158:8080/，如下图说明在Linux（CentOS7）环境安装启动Tomcat成功，为自己点一个赞

注意：开放8080端口或者关闭防火墙

附加：开放8080端口或者关闭防火墙，如果是阿里云只能在阿里云控制台配置开放端口

开启8080端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent

查询端口号8080是否开启

firewall-cmd --query-port=8080/tcp

重启防火墙

firewall-cmd --reload

查看开放端口列表

firewall-cmd --list-port

命令含义

–zone #作用域

–add-port=8080/tcp #添加端口，格式为：端口/通讯协议

–permanent #永久生效，没有此参数重启后失效

关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall

systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动

设置Tomcat为开机启动项

按照上面的方式启动Tomcat，如果我们的虚拟机或者服务器关闭了，重启服务器后Tomcat是关闭的，但是我们希望虚拟机或者服务器重启后，Tomcat可以自己启动，所以我们需要设置Tomcat为开机启动项

创建setenv.sh文件，为Tomcat添加启动参数

catalina.sh在执行的时候会调用同级路径下的setenv.sh来设置额外的环境变量，因此在/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin路径下创建setenv.sh文件，内容如下：

设置Tomcat的PID文件

CATALINA_PID="$CATALINA_BASE/tomcat.pid"

添加JVM选项

JAVA_OPTS="-server -XX:PermSize=256M -XX:MaxPermSize=1024m -Xms512M -Xmx1024M -XX:MaxNewSize=256m"

在/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/catalina.sh文件开头添加JAVA_HOME和JRE_HOME，其中/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152为jdk的安装目录

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152

export JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152/jre

如果在catalina.sh不配置JAVA_HOME和JRE_HOME就会报如下的错误

[root@JourWon ~]# systemctl status tomcat

● tomcat.service - Tomcat

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Mon 2019-10-21 19:54:54 CST; 6s ago

Process: 8746 ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/startup.sh (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon systemd[1]: Starting Tomcat…

Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon startup.sh[8746]: Neither the JAVA_HOME nor the JRE_…d

Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon startup.sh[8746]: At least one of these environment …m

Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon systemd[1]: tomcat.service: control process exited,…=1

Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon systemd[1]: Failed to start Tomcat.

Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon systemd[1]: Unit tomcat.service entered failed state.

Oct 21 19:54:54 JourWon systemd[1]: tomcat.service failed.

Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

在/usr/lib/systemd/system路径下添加tomcat.service文件，内容如下：

[Unit]

Description=Tomcat

After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]

Type=forking

TimeoutSec=0

PIDFile=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/tomcat.pid

ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/startup.sh

ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID

ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID

PrivateTmp=true

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

此外service文件修改后需要调用systemctl daemon-reload命令重新加载。

配置TimeoutSec=0的目的是让开机启动不处理tomcat启动超时，保证tomcat耗时过长时不会被系统terminating，如果不配置可能出现下面的情况

Oct 21 20:26:37 JourWon startup.sh[1634]: Existing PID file found during start.

Oct 21 20:26:37 JourWon startup.sh[1634]: Removing/clearing stale PID file.

Oct 21 20:26:37 JourWon startup.sh[1634]: Tomcat started.

Oct 21 20:26:37 JourWon systemd[1]: PID file /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/tomcat.pid not readable (yet?) after start.

Oct 21 20:26:38 JourWon polkitd[464]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:1628:19013 (system bus name :1.23, object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, loca

Oct 21 20:28:07 JourWon systemd[1]: tomcat.service start operation timed out. Terminating.

Oct 21 20:28:07 JourWon systemd[1]: Failed to start Tomcat.