JavaScript实现烟花绽放动画效果

原创于 2024-12-15 09:46:37 发布 · 1.4k 阅读

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为了模拟烟花绽放的动画效果，我们可以设计两个类：Firework和Particle。Firework类代表烟花本身，而Particle类代表烟花爆炸后产生的碎片。

Firework类用于控制烟花的更新、爆照效果、绘制功能。在这个类中，update方法用于更新烟花的位置，并在适当的时机触发爆炸。draw方法用于在画布上绘制烟花。explode方法用于创建爆炸效果，生成多个Particle对象。

 function Firework()
  {
   //this.x = canvas.width/4*(1+3*Math.random());
   //this.y = canvas.height - 15;
   this.x=Math.random() * width;
   this.y=Math.random() * height;
   this.angle = Math.random() * Math.PI / 4 - Math.PI / 6;
   this.xSpeed = Math.sin(this.angle) *(6+Math.random()*7);
   this.ySpeed = -Math.cos(this.angle) *(6+Math.random()*7);
   this.hue = Math.floor(Math.random() * 360);
  }
  Firework.prototype.draw= function() 
  {
   ctx.save();
   ctx.translate(this.x, this.y);
   ctx.rotate(Math.atan2(this.ySpeed, this.xSpeed) + Math.PI / 2);
   ctx.fillStyle =`hsl(${this.hue}, 100%, 50%)`;
   ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 5, 15);
   ctx.restore();
  }
  Firework.prototype.update= function() 
  {
   this.x = this.x + this.xSpeed;
   this.y = this.y + this.ySpeed;
   this.ySpeed += 0.1;
  }
  Firework.prototype.explode= function() 
  {
    for (var i = 0; i < 70; i++) 
    {
     particles.push(new Particle(this.x, this.y, this.hue));
    }
  }

Particle类定义2个方法：绘制碎片散开轨迹的方法draw()、碎片散开时坐标改变方法update()。碎片散开时逐渐变小（属性size值减量），当size值小于1时，从碎片数组中删除该碎片，表示碎片已消亡。

 function Particle(x,y,hue) 
  {
   this.x = x;
   this.y = y;
   this.hue = hue;
   this.lightness = 50;
   this.size = 15 + Math.random() * 10;
   this.angle = Math.random() * 2 * Math.PI;
   this.xSpeed = Math.cos(this.angle) *(1+Math.random() * 6);
   this.ySpeed = Math.sin(this.angle) *(1+Math.random() * 6);
  }
  Particle.prototype.draw= function() 
  {
    ctx.fillStyle = `hsl(${this.hue}, 100%, ${this.lightness}%)`;
    ctx.beginPath();
    ctx.arc(this.x, this.y, this.size, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
    ctx.closePath();
    ctx.fill();
  }
  Particle.prototype.update= function(index) 
  {
    this.ySpeed += 0.05;
    this.size = this.size*0.95;
    this.x = this.x + this.xSpeed;
    this.y = this.y + this.ySpeed;
    if (this.size<1) 
    {
      particles.splice(index,1);
    }
  }

最后添加循环操作：

 function loop() 
  {
   ctx.fillStyle = "rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1)";
   ctx.fillRect(0,0,canvas.width,canvas.height);
   counter++;
   if (counter==15) 
   {
     fireworks.push(new Firework());
     counter=0;
   }
   var i=fireworks.length;
   while (i--) 
   {
     fireworks[i].draw();
     fireworks[i].update();
     if (fireworks[i].ySpeed > 0) 
     {
       fireworks[i].explode();
       fireworks.splice(i, 1);
     }
   }
   var i=particles.length;
   while (i--) 
   {   
     particles[i].draw();
     particles[i].update(i);
   }
   requestAnimationFrame(loop);
  }

完成代码如下：

<html> 
<head> 
<title>烟花绽放</title>
    <style>
        canvas {
            position: absolute;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
			background:black;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<canvas id="myCanvas"></canvas>
<script type="text/javascript">
  var canvas=document.getElementById('myCanvas');
  ctx= canvas.getContext('2d');
  const width = canvas.width = window.innerWidth;
  const height = canvas.height = window.innerHeight;
  var fireworks=[];
  var particles=[];
  var counter = 0;

  function Firework()
  {
   //this.x = canvas.width/4*(1+3*Math.random());
   //this.y = canvas.height - 15;
   this.x=Math.random() * width;
   this.y=Math.random() * height;
   this.angle = Math.random() * Math.PI / 4 - Math.PI / 6;
   this.xSpeed = Math.sin(this.angle) *(6+Math.random()*7);
   this.ySpeed = -Math.cos(this.angle) *(6+Math.random()*7);
   this.hue = Math.floor(Math.random() * 360);
  }
  Firework.prototype.draw= function() 
  {
   ctx.save();
   ctx.translate(this.x, this.y);
   ctx.rotate(Math.atan2(this.ySpeed, this.xSpeed) + Math.PI / 2);
   ctx.fillStyle =`hsl(${this.hue}, 100%, 50%)`;
   ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 5, 15);
   ctx.restore();
  }
  Firework.prototype.update= function() 
  {
   this.x = this.x + this.xSpeed;
   this.y = this.y + this.ySpeed;
   this.ySpeed += 0.1;
  }
  Firework.prototype.explode= function() 
  {
    for (var i = 0; i < 70; i++) 
    {
     particles.push(new Particle(this.x, this.y, this.hue));
    }
  }

  function Particle(x,y,hue) 
  {
   this.x = x;
   this.y = y;
   this.hue = hue;
   this.lightness = 50;
   this.size = 15 + Math.random() * 10;
   this.angle = Math.random() * 2 * Math.PI;
   this.xSpeed = Math.cos(this.angle) *(1+Math.random() * 6);
   this.ySpeed = Math.sin(this.angle) *(1+Math.random() * 6);
  }
  Particle.prototype.draw= function() 
  {
    ctx.fillStyle = `hsl(${this.hue}, 100%, ${this.lightness}%)`;
    ctx.beginPath();
    ctx.arc(this.x, this.y, this.size, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
    ctx.closePath();
    ctx.fill();
  }
  Particle.prototype.update= function(index) 
  {
    this.ySpeed += 0.05;
    this.size = this.size*0.95;
    this.x = this.x + this.xSpeed;
    this.y = this.y + this.ySpeed;
    if (this.size<1) 
    {
      particles.splice(index,1);
    }
  }
  function loop() 
  {
   ctx.fillStyle = "rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1)";
   ctx.fillRect(0,0,canvas.width,canvas.height);
   counter++;
   if (counter==15) 
   {
     fireworks.push(new Firework());
     counter=0;
   }
   var i=fireworks.length;
   while (i--) 
   {
     fireworks[i].draw();
     fireworks[i].update();
     if (fireworks[i].ySpeed > 0) 
     {
       fireworks[i].explode();
       fireworks.splice(i, 1);
     }
   }
   var i=particles.length;
   while (i--) 
   {   
     particles[i].draw();
     particles[i].update(i);
   }
   requestAnimationFrame(loop);
  }
 loop();
</script>
</body> 
</html>