Yolov5+LPRNet车牌识别遇到的一些问题记录

原创已于 2025-05-29 15:41:05 修改 · 1k 阅读

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GEO检测

于 2025-05-28 17:58:33 首次发布

由于下载的这位博主的github代码版本有点久了，所以有些yolov5升级的问题需要解决。

代码链接：https://github.com/HuKai97/YOLOv5-LPRNet-Licence-Recognition

1. from apex import amp

这里直接pip install 安装是不行的，采用以下方式安装。还用到skimage,这个可以pip

git clone https://github.com/NVIDIA/apex
cd apex
python setup.py install

直接git clone我会出现报错，大部分报错都是网络速度慢引起的，所以建议直接从https://github.com/NVIDIA/apex 下载apex-master安装包，解压到本地文件夹。cmd命令转到自己虚拟环境，例如：d:,然后转到apex-master执行setup.py命令就可。

2.训练LPRNet，test_lprnet.py除数为0

这里调小batchsize,测试的数据集选大一些，要比batchsize大的多就可以！

3.读取数据部分中文问题

cv2.imread读取不出中文字，导致报错“no module named shape”，改为下面

Image = cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile(filename, dtype=np.uint8), -1)

4. 报错hyp.update(yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.FullLoader))处报错UnicodeDecodeError: 'gbk' codec can't decode byte 0x80 in position 176: illegal multibyte sequence

由于yaml中的字符非法，在opt.hyp后添加encoding=‘utf-8'可编码中文就可以了

with open(opt.hyp,encoding='utf-8') as f:
    hyp.update(yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.FullLoader))

5. 报错AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'extend'

整数对象不存在，增加这一句即可

6. 报错a view of a leaf Variable that requires grad is being used in an in-place operation

原因：一个需要梯度的变量被就地操作，即反向传播出问题，需要去掉梯度计算

在yolo.py文件的偏置初始化位置更改，添加矩形框的就可

7. 报错YoloV5:AttributeError: Can‘t get attribute ‘C3‘ on ＜module ‘models.common‘ from

因为版本更新的问题导致，将c3和sppf导入即可

common.py添加以下内容

#在最上面需要引入warnings库
import warnings
 
class C3(nn.Module):
    # CSP Bottleneck with 3 convolutions
    def __init__(self, c1, c2, n=1, shortcut=True, g=1, e=0.5):  # ch_in, ch_out, number, shortcut, groups, expansion
        super(C3, self).__init__()
        c_ = int(c2 * e)  # hidden channels
        self.cv1 = Conv(c1, c_, 1, 1)
        self.cv2 = Conv(c1, c_, 1, 1)
        self.cv3 = Conv(2 * c_, c2, 1)  # act=FReLU(c2)
        self.m = nn.Sequential(*[Bottleneck(c_, c_, shortcut, g, e=1.0) for _ in range(n)])
        # self.m = nn.Sequential(*[CrossConv(c_, c_, 3, 1, g, 1.0, shortcut) for _ in range(n)])
 
    def forward(self, x):
        return self.cv3(torch.cat((self.m(self.cv1(x)), self.cv2(x)), dim=1))
 
 
class SPPF(nn.Module):
    # Spatial Pyramid Pooling - Fast (SPPF) layer for YOLOv5 by Glenn Jocher
    def __init__(self, c1, c2, k=5):  # equivalent to SPP(k=(5, 9, 13))
        super().__init__()
        c_ = c1 // 2  # hidden channels
        self.cv1 = Conv(c1, c_, 1, 1)
        self.cv2 = Conv(c_ * 4, c2, 1, 1)
        self.m = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=k, stride=1, padding=k // 2)
 
    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.cv1(x)
        with warnings.catch_warnings():
            warnings.simplefilter('ignore')  # suppress torch 1.9.0 max_pool2d() warning
            y1 = self.m(x)
            y2 = self.m(y1)
            return self.cv2(torch.cat([x, y1, y2, self.m(y2)], 1))

8. RuntimeError: indices should be either on cpu or on the same device as the indexed tensor (cpu)

build_targets 函数时，某些张量在不同的设备（CPU或GPU）上。为了修复这个错误，你需要确保所有相关的张量都在同一个设备上。在源代码基础上对照以下进行更改。

def build_targets(p, targets, model):
    # Build targets for compute_loss(), input targets(image, class, x, y, w, h)
    device = targets.device
    det = model.module.model[-1] if isinstance(model, (nn.parallel.DataParallel, nn.parallel.DistributedDataParallel)) else model.model[-1]  # Detect() module
    na, nt = det.na, targets.shape[0]  # number of anchors, targets
    tcls, tbox, indices, anch = [], [], [], []
    gain = torch.ones(6, device=device)  # normalized to gridspace gain
    off = torch.tensor([[1, 0], [0, 1], [-1, 0], [0, -1]], device=device).float()  # overlap offsets
    at = torch.arange(na, device=device).view(na, 1).repeat(1, nt)  # anchor tensor, same as .repeat_interleave(nt)
 
    g = 0.5  # offset
    style = 'rect4'
    for i in range(det.nl):
        anchors = det.anchors[i].to(device)  # Move anchors to the same device
        gain[2:] = torch.tensor(p[i].shape, device=device)[[3, 2, 3, 2]]  # xyxy gain
 
        # Match targets to anchors
        a, t, offsets = [], targets * gain, 0
        if nt:
            r = t[None, :, 4:6] / anchors[:, None]  # wh ratio
            j = torch.max(r, 1. / r).max(2)[0] < model.hyp['anchor_t']  # compare
            # j = wh_iou(anchors, t[:, 4:6]) > model.hyp['iou_t']  # iou(3,n) = wh_iou(anchors(3,2), gwh(n,2))
            a, t = at[j], t.repeat(na, 1, 1)[j]  # filter
 
            # overlaps
            gxy = t[:, 2:4]  # grid xy
            z = torch.zeros_like(gxy)
            if style == 'rect2':
                j, k = ((gxy % 1. < g) & (gxy > 1.)).T
                a, t = torch.cat((a, a[j], a[k]), 0), torch.cat((t, t[j], t[k]), 0)
                offsets = torch.cat((z, z[j] + off[0], z[k] + off[1]), 0) * g
            elif style == 'rect4':
                j, k = ((gxy % 1. < g) & (gxy > 1.)).T
                l, m = ((gxy % 1. > (1 - g)) & (gxy < (gain[[2, 3]] - 1.))).T
                a, t = torch.cat((a, a[j], a[k], a[l], a[m]), 0), torch.cat((t, t[j], t[k], t[l], t[m]), 0)
                offsets = torch.cat((z, z[j] + off[0], z[k] + off[1], z[l] + off[2], z[m] + off[3]), 0) * g
 
        # Define
        b, c = t[:, :2].long().T  # image, class
        gxy = t[:, 2:4]  # grid xy
        gwh = t[:, 4:6]  # grid wh
        gij = (gxy - offsets).long()
        gi, gj = gij.T  # grid xy indices
 
        # Append
        indices.append((b, a, gj, gi))  # image, anchor, grid indices
        tbox.append(torch.cat((gxy - gij, gwh), 1))  # box
        anch.append(anchors[a])  # anchors
        tcls.append(c)  # class
 
    return tcls, tbox, indices, anch

9. 报错yolo v5 train. TypeError: can't convert cuda:0 device type tensor to numpy

如果想把CUDA tensor格式的数据改成numpy时，需要先将其转换成cpu float-tensor随后再转到numpy格式。 numpy不能读取CUDA tensor 需要将它转化为 CPU tensor；注释源代码，在numpy（）前添加.cpu（）

    def __array__(self, dtype=None):
        if has_torch_function_unary(self):
            return handle_torch_function(Tensor.__array__, (self,), self, dtype=dtype)
        if dtype is None:
            # return self.numpy()
            return self.cpu().numpy()
        else:
            return self.numpy().astype(dtype, copy=False)