C++语言通过构造函数初始化学生信息

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-12 09:00:00 发布

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这篇博客介绍了如何在C++中通过构造函数初始化学生信息，包括使用构造函数、内联函数、友元函数以及如何处理静态成员变量的初始化。示例代码展示了不同方法的实现方式，并在main函数中进行了测试。

//C++语言 通过构造函数初始化学生信息

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;
/*
class CStudent
{
private:
    char m_Name[10];
    int m_Age;
    double m_Height;
public:
    CStudent(char *name, int age, double height)
    {
        strcpy(m_Name, name);
        m_Age = age;
        m_Height = height;
    }
    void display()
    {
        cout << "name:" << m_Name << endl;
        cout << "age:" << m_Age << endl;
        cout << "height:"<< m_Height << endl;
    }
};
*/

/*
//内联函数
class CStudent
{
private:
    char m_Name[10];
    int m_Age;
    double m_Height;
public:
    CStudent(char *name, int age, double height);
    inline void display();
};

CStudent::CStudent(char *name, int age, double height)
{
    strcpy(m_Name, name);
    m_Age = age;
    m_Height = height;
}

inline void CStudent::display()
{
    cout << "name:" << m_Name << endl;
    cout << "age:" << m_Age << endl;
    cout << "height:"<< m_Height << endl;
}

int main(int argc, int argv[])
{
    CStudent student("格格", 18, 160);
    student.display(); //内联函数

    return 0;
}
*/

/*
//友元函数
class CStudent
{
private:
    char m_Name[10];
    int m_Age;
    double m_Height;
public:
    CStudent(char *name, int age, double height);
    friend void display(CStudent &stu);
};

CStudent::CStudent(char *name, int age, double height)
{
    strcpy(m_Name, name);
    m_Age = age;
    m_Height = height;
}

void display(CStudent &stu)
{
    cout << "name:" << stu.m_Name << endl;
    cout << "age:" << stu.m_Age << endl;
    cout << "height:"<< stu.m_Height << endl;
}
int main(int argc, int argv[])
{
    CStudent student("格格", 18, 160);
    display(student); //友元函数

    return 0;
}
*/

class CStudent
{
private:
    char m_Name[10];
    static int m_Age; //声明静态成员变量
    static double m_Height; //声明静态成员变量
public:
    CStudent(char *name, int age, double height);
    static void SetStu(int age, int height); //声明静态成员函数
    static void display(); //声明静态成员函数
};

CStudent::CStudent(char *name, int age, double height)
{
    strcpy(m_Name, name);
    m_Age = age;
    m_Height = height;
}
void CStudent::SetStu(int age, int height)
{
    m_Age = age;
    m_Height = height;
}
void CStudent::display()
{
    //cout << "name:" << m_Name << endl; //静态成员函数不可以访问普通成员变量
    cout << "age:" << m_Age << endl;
    cout << "height:"<< m_Height << endl;
}

//初始化静态成员变量 ##不能用参数初始化表,对静态成员变量进行初始化
int CStudent::m_Age = 0;
double CStudent::m_Height = 0;

int main(int argc, int argv[])
{
    CStudent::display(); //显示初始化的值
    CStudent student("格格", 18, 160); 
    student.display(); 
    CStudent::SetStu(24, 170);
    student.display();

    return 0;
}

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