本文详细介绍了iOS开发中网络请求的两种主要方式：同步发送与异步发送。包括使用NSURLConnection进行同步请求的具体实现，以及通过代理方式实现异步请求的过程，并展示了iOS 5.0新增的异步请求接口。
1. 同步发送
- (NSString *)sendRequestSync
{
// 初始化请求, 这里是变长的, 方便扩展
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc]
init];
// 设置
[request
setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlStr]];
[request
setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
[request
setValue:host forHTTPHeaderField:@"Host"];
NSString
*contentLength = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", [content length]];
[request
setValue:contentLength forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
[request
setHTTPBody:content];
// 发送同步请求,
data就是返回的数据
NSError
*error = nil;
NSData
*data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request
returningResponse:nilerror:&error];
if (data
== nil) {
NSLog(@"send request failed: %@", error);
return nil;
}
NSString
*response = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSLog(@"response:
%@", response);
return
response;
}
2.异步发送
1) 使用delegate的方式:
- (void)sendRequestAsync
{
// 初始化请求
NSMutableURLRequest
*request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] init];
// 设置
[request
setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlStr]];
[request
setCachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy]; // 设置缓存策略
[request
setTimeoutInterval:5.0]; // 设置超时
//......
receivedData = [[NSMutableData alloc] initData: nil];
NSURLConnection
*connection = [[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:request delegate:self];
if (connection
== nil) {
//
创建失败
return;
}
}
异步发送使用代理的方式, 需要实现以下delegate接口:
// 收到回应
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response
{
NSLog(@"receive the response");
// 注意这里将NSURLResponse对象转换成NSHTTPURLResponse对象才能去
NSHTTPURLResponse *httpResponse = (NSHTTPURLResponse*)response;
if ([response respondsToSelector:@selector(allHeaderFields)]) {
NSDictionary *dictionary = [httpResponse allHeaderFields];
NSLog(@"allHeaderFields: %@",dictionary);
}
[receivedData setLength:0];
}
// 接收数据
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data
{
NSLog(@"get some data");
[receivedData appendData:data];
}
//
数据接收完毕
- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection
{
NSString *results = [[NSString alloc]
initWithBytes:[receivedData bytes]
length:[receivedData length]
encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSLog(@"connectionDidFinishLoading: %@",results);
}
// 返回错误
-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
{
NSLog(@"Connection failed: %@", error);
}
2) iOS 5.0版本新增异步发送接口:
+ (void)sendAsynchronousRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request
queue:(NSOperationQueue*) queue
completionHandler:(void (^)(NSURLResponse*, NSData*, NSError*)) handlerNS_AVAILABLE(10_7, 5_0);
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