Oracle service name与instance name 不一致ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist

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1. 今天在客户端连接服务端时报如下错误

[oracle@asm admin]$ sqlplus sys/xxxx@orcl as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Apr 26 19:49:03 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

2. 但在服务端数据库正常启动，也能以sys登陆

[oracle@asm ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Apr 26 19:51:56 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

3. 查看客户端tnsname.ora配置文件如下

orcl =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.111)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME= orcl)
    )
  )

4. 再三纠结，之后查看数据库servcie name

SQL> show parameter name

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string      orcl
db_unique_name                       string      primary
global_names                         boolean     FALSE
instance_name                        string      orcl
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names                        string      primary

发现数据库的service_name=primary

原来是这个错误：service name与instance name

5. 把客户端配置文件tnsname.ora改成如下：

ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.111)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = primary)
    )
  )

连接成功