引用拷贝、浅拷贝、深拷贝

• 引用拷贝：引用拷贝就是两个不同的引用指向同一个对象。
• 浅拷贝：浅拷贝会在堆上创建一个新的对象（不同于引用拷贝的一点），如果原对象内部的属性是引用类型的话，浅拷贝会直接复制内部对象的引用地址(不会创建新的内部对象)，拷贝对象和原对象共用同一个内部对象。
• 深拷贝：深拷贝会完全复制整个对象，包括这个对象所包含的内部对象。
  

例子：

引用拷贝：

Address 类(作为 Person 的引用类型属性)

public class Address{
    private String place;

    public Address(String place) {
        this.place = place;
    }

    public String getPlace() {
        return place;
    }

    public void setPlace(String place) {
        this.place = place;
    }
}

Person 类(含引用类型属性 Address)

public class Person{
    private Address address;

    public Person(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
}

验证

Person Person1 = new Person(new Address("巢都"));
Person Person1Copy = Person1.clone();
//true
System.out.println(Person1 == Person1Copy);
//true
System.out.println(Person1.getAddress() == Person1Copy.getAddress())

结果：

浅拷贝：

实现 Cloneable 接口，并重写了 clone() 方法。
clone() 方法的实现：直接调用的是父类 Object 的 clone() 方法。

Address 类(作为 Person 的引用类型属性)

public class Address implements Cloneable{
    private String place;
    
    public Address(String place) {
        this.place = place;
    }

    public String getPlace() {
        return place;
    }

    public void setPlace(String place) {
        this.place = place;
    }

    @Override
    public Address clone() {
        try {
            return (Address) super.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            throw new AssertionError();
        }
    }
}

Person 类(含引用类型属性 Address)

public class Person implements Cloneable{
    private Address address;

    public Person(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public Person clone() {
        try {
            return (Person) super.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            throw new AssertionError();
        }
    }

   
}

验证

Person Person1 = new Person(new Address("巢都"));
Person Person1Copy = Person1.clone();
//false
System.out.println(Person1 == Person1Copy);
//true
System.out.println(Person1.getAddress() == Person1Copy.getAddress())
    

结果：

深拷贝：

对 Person 类的 clone() 方法进行修改，连带着要把 Person 对象内部的 Address 对象一起复制。

Person 类的 clone() 方法

@Override
    public Person clone() {
        try {
            Person clone = (Person) super.clone();
            clone.setAddress(clone.getAddress().clone());
            return clone;
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            throw new AssertionError();
        }
    }

验证

Person Person1 = new Person(new Address("巢都"));
Person Person1Copy = Person1.clone();
//false
System.out.println(Person1 == Person1Copy);
//false
System.out.println(Person1.getAddress() == Person1Copy.getAddress());
    

结果：