本地及在线YUM源配置

一、基础准备：备份与挂载

在更换任何 YUM 源之前，请先执行以下通用初始化步骤。

1. 备份原配置文件

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
mkdir bak
mv *.repo bak/

2. 挂载 ISO 镜像（仅本地源需要）

# 手动临时挂载
mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/

# 配置开机自动挂载
echo "mount -o loop -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
sh /etc/rc.d/rc.local

二、本地 YUM 源配置 (Local Repos)

RHEL 7

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo << 'EOF'
[localREPO]
name=RHEL 7 Local
baseurl=file:///mnt/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF

RHEL 8

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo << 'EOF'
[localREPO_BaseOS]
name=RHEL 8 Local BaseOS
baseurl=file:///mnt/BaseOS
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

[localREPO_AppStream]
name=RHEL 8 Local AppStream
baseurl=file:///mnt/AppStream
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF

OpenEuler

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo << 'EOF'
[localREPO]
name=openEuler Local
baseurl=file:///mnt/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/RPM-GPG-KEY-openEuler
EOF

三、在线 YUM 源配置 (Online Repos)

RHEL 7

# 阿里云镜像（推荐）
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

# 网易 163 镜像（备用）
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

RHEL 8

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo

RHEL 9 (使用 AlmaLinux 兼容源)

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/almalinux.repo << 'EOF'
[baseos]
name=AlmaLinux 9 - BaseOS - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/9/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/RPM-GPG-KEY-AlmaLinux-9

[appstream]
name=AlmaLinux 9 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/9/AppStream/$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/RPM-GPG-KEY-AlmaLinux-9

[extras]
name=AlmaLinux 9 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/9/extras/$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/RPM-GPG-KEY-AlmaLinux-9
EOF

四、刷新缓存（每次配置完必运行）

完成上述任一配置后，请执行以下命令使新源生效：

yum clean all
yum makecache
yum repolist