Android进程间通信之Messenger

使用 Messenger

    Messenger 可以翻译成信使，顾明思议，通过它可以实现在不同的进程中传递 Message 对象，在Message中放入我们需要传递的数据，就可以轻松地实现数据的进程间传递了。Messenger 是一种轻量级的 IPC 方案，它的底层实现是 AIDL，为什么这么说了,我们大致的看一下 Messenger 这个类的构造方法就明白了。下面是 Messenger 的 2 个构造方法，从构造方法的实现上我们可以明显看出 AIDL 的痕迹，不管是 IMessenger 还是 Stub.asInterface,这种使用方法都表明它的底层是 AIDL。

     使用 Messenger 分为 2 个步骤，服务端和客服端，下面请看代码理解也许比较容易点。

1.创建服务端的 Messenger

public class MessengerService extends Service {

    //定义一个 TAG
    private static String TAG = "MessengerService";

    //实例化一个Messenger对象
    private final Messenger mMessenger = new Messenger(new ReceiveLocalMessage());


    //实例化一个 handle 用于接收客服端发送到服务端的消息
    private static class ReceiveLocalMessage extends Handler {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            switch (msg.what) {
                case MyConstants.MSG_FROM_CLIENT:
                    String yk = msg.getData().getString("yk");
                    Log.i(TAG, "收到客服端发送过来的消息---" + yk);
                    //拿到客服端的信使
                    Messenger localMessenger = msg.replyTo;
                    Message relpyMessage = Message.obtain(null, MyConstants.MSG_FROM_SERVICE);
                    Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                    bundle.putString("reply", "恩 好的，你的愿望在 2018年所有都会实现。");
                    relpyMessage.setData(bundle);
                    try {
                        localMessenger.send(relpyMessage);
                    } catch (RemoteException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    break;
            }
            super.handleMessage(msg);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate---开启了 MessengerService 服务");
    }


    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        //将 Messenger 对象返回
        return mMessenger.getBinder();
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        Log.i(TAG, "onStartCommand");
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }
}

2.创建客服端的 Messenger

public class MessengerActivity extends Activity {

    static TextView tvShowMessengerInfo;
    private static String TAG = "MessengerActivity";
    //创建一个本地的Messenger
    private final Messenger mLocalMessenger = new Messenger(new MyLocalHandle());

    //创建一个接收服务端信息的 Handle
    private static class MyLocalHandle extends Handler {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            switch (msg.what) {
                case MyConstants.MSG_FROM_SERVICE:
                    Log.i(TAG, "receive msg from Service:" + msg.getData().getString("reply"));
                    showText("收到客服端的回信...-----"+msg.getData().getString("reply"));
                    break;
            }
        }
    }


    private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
            showText("连接成功...");
            mServiceMessenger = new Messenger(iBinder);
            showText("拿到服务端对象...");

            Message message = Message.obtain(null, MyConstants.MSG_FROM_CLIENT);
            Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
            bundle.putString("yk", "Hello  Service 我要许一个愿望!");
            message.setData(bundle);
            message.replyTo = mLocalMessenger;
            try {
                mServiceMessenger.send(message);
                showText("客服端发送一个消息..."+"-------Hello  Service 我要许一个愿望!\"");
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());

            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
            showText("连接失败...");
        }
    };
    private static StringBuilder sp;
    private  Messenger mServiceMessenger;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_messenger);
        tvShowMessengerInfo = findViewById(R.id.tv_showMessengerInfo);
        findViewById(R.id.btn_startMessenger).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                startMessenger();
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 开始建立连接
     */
    public void startMessenger() {
        if (sp != null)
            sp = null;
        sp = new StringBuilder();
        showText("准备链接...");
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setPackage(getPackageName());
        intent.setAction("com.yk.MessengerService.launch");
        bindService(intent, mServiceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        showText("开始链接...");
    }

    private static void showText(String str) {
        sp.append(str);
        sp.append("\r\n");
        tvShowMessengerInfo.setText(sp.toString());
    }
}

3.清单文件中配置

<activity android:name=".messenger.MessengerActivity">
    <intent-filter >
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"></action>
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"></category>
    </intent-filter>
</activity>

<service
    android:name=".messenger.MessengerService"
    android:exported="true"
    android:enabled="true"
    android:process=":remote">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="com.yk.MessengerService.launch" />
    </intent-filter>
</service>

4.运行结果

Messenger 就是这么简单，相信小伙伴们都学会了吧，期待下一篇 Android 进程间通信之 AIDL 吧！