SpringBoot web开发注册servlet三大组件(Servlet、Filter、Listener)

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本文介绍了在SpringBoot中如何使用@Configuration + @Bean以及@WebListener/@WebFilter/@WebServlet + @ServletComponentScan来注册Servlet、Filter和Listener。详细讲解了ServletRegistrationBean、FilterRegistrationBean和ServletListenerRegistrationBean的用法。

参考：https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/features.html#features.developing-web-applications.embedded-container.servlets-filters-listeners

一、@Configuration + @Bean

1、注册Servlet,ServletRegistrationBean

我们自己的Servlet

public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.getWriter().write("Hello MyServlet");
    }
}

注册Servlet

@Configuration
public class MyServletConfig {

    //注册三大组件
    //注册Servlet
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet() {
        ServletRegistrationBean<Servlet> servlet = new ServletRegistrationBean<>(new MyServlet(),"/myServlet");
        return servlet;
    }
}

2、注册Filter，FilterRegistrationBean

public class MyFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("MyFilter process ......");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }
}

@Configuration
public class MyServletConfig {

    //注册三大组件
    //注册Filter
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter() {
        FilterRegistrationBean filter = new FilterRegistrationBean();
        filter.setFilter(new MyFilter());
        filter.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet"));
        return filter;
    }
}

3、注册Listener，ServletListenerRegistrationBean

public class MyListener implements ServletContextListener {
    @Override
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        System.out.println("contextInitialized ... web应用启动");
    }

    @Override
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        System.out.println("contextDestroyed ... web应用销毁");
    }
}

@Configuration
public class MyServletConfig {

    //注册三大组件
    //注册Listener
    @Bean
    public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener() {
        ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> listener = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<>(new MyListener());
        return listener;
    }
}

二、@WebListener/@WebFilter/@WebServlet + @ServletComponentScan

1、Filter

@WebFilter
public class MyFilter2 implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
    }
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("MyFilter2 process ......");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
    }
    @Override
    public void destroy() {
    }
}

@SpringBootApplication
@ServletComponentScan
public class SpringBoot04WebRestfulcurdApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringBoot04WebRestfulcurdApplication.class, args);
    }

}

2、Listener

@WebListener
public class MyListener2 implements ServletContextListener {
    @Override
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        System.out.println("MyListener2 ==>> contextInitialized  ... web应用启动");
    }
    @Override
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        System.out.println("MyListener2 ==>> contextDestroyed ... web应用销毁");
    }
}

@SpringBootApplication
@ServletComponentScan
public class SpringBoot04WebRestfulcurdApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringBoot04WebRestfulcurdApplication.class, args);
    }

}

3、Servlet

@WebServlet
public class MyServlet2 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.getWriter().write("Hello MyServlet2");
    }
}

@SpringBootApplication
@ServletComponentScan
public class SpringBoot04WebRestfulcurdApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringBoot04WebRestfulcurdApplication.class, args);
    }

}