springCloud 学习笔记2 ribbon 实现客户端负载均衡

ribbon基本介绍

Ribbon是Netflix发布的负载均衡器，一个基于HTTP和TCP的客户端负载均衡工具，Spring Cloud集成了Ribbon，结合Eureka，可实现客户端的负载均衡

项目案例 客户端实现负载均衡结构图

准备工作

1. 搭建eureak服务端，作为服务注册中心使用
2. 搭建eureak客户端，作为服务提供者
3. 搭建eureak客户端，作为服务消费者，集成ribbon模块

搭建eureak 服务端

1, pom文件配置

<dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
      </dependency>

**属性文件配置**

 #服务端口
server.port=8761
#服务名称serviceCenter
eureka.instance.hostname=yihongyuan
#禁止本身注册
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
#禁止本身注册
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
#服务中心地址
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

2, 启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaRibboServerApplication {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
     SpringApplication.run(EurekaRibboServerApplication.class, args);
 }
}

搭建eureak客户端，服务提供者

1, pom文件配置

<dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
     </dependency>

**属性文件配置**

spring:
 application:
   name: polices
eureka:
client:
 eureka-server-url:
   defautZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

2, 启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@ComponentScan(value = "com")
public class EureakRibbonProductApplication {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
     Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
     String port = scan.nextLine();
     new SpringApplicationBuilder(EureakRibbonProductApplication.class).properties("server.port=" + port).run(args);
 }

}

3, 业务类

@RestController
public class PoliceController {

 @RequestMapping(value = "/call/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET, 
 		produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
 public Police call(@PathVariable Integer id, HttpServletRequest request) {
 	Police p = new Police();
 	p.setId(id);
 	p.setName("angus");
 	p.setMessage(request.getRequestURL().toString());
 	return p;
 }
}

4, 注册中心查看

5, 业务类测试

搭建eureak客户端，服务消费者，集成ribbon模块

1, pom文件配置

<dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
     </dependency>

  **属性文件配置**

server:
port: 9000
spring:
application:
 name: erueka_ribbon_customer
eureka:
client:
 eureka-server-url:
   defautZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

2, 启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@ComponentScan(value = "com")
@Configuration
public class EurekaRibbonCustomerApplication {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
     SpringApplication.run(EurekaRibbonCustomerApplication.class, args);
 }

 @Bean
 @LoadBalanced
 public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
     return new RestTemplate();
 }
}

3, 业务类

@Controller
public class MyController {

 @Autowired
 RestTemplate tpl;

 @GetMapping("/router")
 @ResponseBody
 public String router() {
     System.out.println("rout...");
  //   RestTemplate tpl = getRestTemplate();
     String json = tpl.getForObject("http://polices/call/1", String.class);
     return json;
 }

4, 注册中心查看
如图见

5, 业务类测试


客户端默认使用轮询的方式访问8080，,8081实例

测试自定义负载均衡器，注解实现

1，自定义配置类

规则类 rule
public class MyRule implements IRule {

 private ILoadBalancer lb;

 public Server choose(Object key) {
     System.out.println("这是自定义的规则类");
     Random r = new Random();
     int randomNum = r.nextInt(10);
     List<Server> servers = lb.getAllServers();
     if (randomNum > 7) {
         Server s = getServerByPort(servers, 8081);
         return s;
     }
     return getServerByPort(servers, 8080);
 }

 private Server getServerByPort(List<Server> servers, int port) {
     for (Server s : servers) {
         if (s.getPort() == port) {
             return s;
         }
     }
     return null;
 }

 public void setLoadBalancer(ILoadBalancer lb) {
     this.lb = lb;
 }

 public ILoadBalancer getLoadBalancer() {
     return lb;
 }
} 

配置类
public class MyConfig {

  @Bean
  public IRule getRule() {
  	return new MyRule();
  }
}

ribbon客户端类
@RibbonClient(name = "polices", configuration = MyConfig.class)
public class MyClient {

}

2，测试
在访问http://127.0.0.1:9000/router 时候，服务提供着实例 8080被优先访问到

测试自定义负载均衡器，配置实现实现

1，在配置文件中使用配置类

## ribbon自定义规则类
polices:
ribbon:
 NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.bw.rule.MyRule

2，测试