欧拉系统(22.03)安装oracle 11g

原创已于 2026-01-15 16:08:22 修改 · 1.2k 阅读

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GEO检测

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#oracle #openEuler

于 2026-01-15 16:02:01 首次发布

声明：本文是参考了很多前辈博文信息之后自己在虚拟机上实际操作安装了的，然后在形成安装步骤，经供参考

如果是新的openEuler系统没有安装可视化桌面，安装步骤如下
参考https://blog.csdn.net/qq_50824019/article/details/124526889
#yum install dde
#systemctl set-default graphical.target
#reboot

静默安装
参考https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_51788950/article/details/135366231

一、环境准备
1、在线安装
#yum install libnsl libnsl2-devel libaio-devel libcap-devel xorg-x11-utils xauth gcc make libstdc++-devel sysstat smartmontools glibc-compat-2.17

2、下载安装低版本的libaio包；libaio版本太高，会造成编译错误
#rpm -qa libaio
libaio-0.3.110-12.el8.x86_64

# 查看欧拉操作系统版本
#cat /etc/os-release
NAME="openEuler"
VERSION="22.03 (LTS-SP1)"
ID="openEuler"
VERSION_ID="22.03"
PRETTY_NAME="openEuler 22.03 (LTS-SP1)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"

# 下载
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm

# 备份原来的libaio.so.1
#mv /usr/lib64/libaio.so.1 /usr/lib64/libaio.so.120240103
# 解压
#rpm2cpio libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm |cpio -idmv
# 把解压后的文件拷贝到/usr/lib64下
#cp -r /root/lib64/libaio.so.1 /usr/lib64
#cp -r /root/lib64/libaio.so.1.0.1 /usr/lib64
# 执行安装
#rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps

3、使用自定义的简单的ld脚本来替换系统安装的ld
#rm /usr/bin/ld
#touch /usr/bin/ld
#chmod a+rx /usr/bin/ld

# 编辑内容，并执行
#vim /usr/bin/ld
#!/bin/sh
/usr/bin/ld.bfd -L/opt -laio $*
执行下面的语句不管结果如何
#sh /usr/bin/ld

第4、5不可以不用执行
4、修改系统时间
[root@localhost ~]# date -s "2024-01-11 11:25:40"
[root@localhost ~]# hwclock -w

5、修改host，绑定主机名
[root@localhost ~]# hostname
localhost.localdomain
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.9.138 localhost.localdomain

6、关闭selinux，设置SELINUX= enforcing 为SELINUX=disabled
#vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

7、关闭防火墙
#systemctl stop firewalld
#systemctl disable firewalld

二、安装配置

2.1、添加oinstall 、dba 组，新建oracle用户并加入oinstall、dba组中
创建用户组
#groupadd oinstall
#groupadd dba

给oracle创建用户组
创建用户oracle，主组oinstall，附加组dba，家目录/home/oracle，并设置用户密码
#useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle oracle
#echo '111111' | passwd --stdin oracle

#mkdir -p /home/oracle/u01/app/oracle #oracle数据库安装目录
#mkdir -p /home/oracle/u01/app/oraInventory #oracle数据库配置文件目录
#mkdir -p /home/oracle/u01/app/database #oracle数据库软件包解压目录

#chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/u01/app/oracle #设置目录所有者为oinstall用户组的oracle用户
#chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/u01/app/oraInventory
#chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/u01/app/database

2.2、修改内核参数
#vim /etc/sysctl.conf
在最后一行下面增加如下配置
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
使配置参数生效
#sysctl -p

2.3、配置Oracle用户参数
#vim /etc/security/limits.conf
在# End of file上一行增加如下配置
oracle          soft    nproc           2047
oracle          hard    nproc           16384
oracle          soft    nofile          1024
oracle          hard    nofile          65536
oracle          soft    stack           10240

2.4、添加环境变量
修改.bash_profile文件
#vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile
在最后一行下面增加如下配置
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export LANG=C
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

使上述配置立即生效
#source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

切换至oracle
$unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip -d /home/oracle/u01/app/database/ #解压
$unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip -d /home/oracle/u01/app/database/ #解压

三、部署

3.1、编辑db_install.rsp
$vim /home/oracle/u01/app/database/database/response/db_install.rsp
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/home/oracle/u01/app/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

切换root
#vim /etc/oraInst.loc
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/home/oracle/u01/app/oraInventory

3.2、开始安装数据库
$./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/u01/app/database/database/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq
提示安装成功后，切换到root执行下面两句
#/home/oracle/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
#/home/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

3.3、配置监听文件，并执行安装
编辑/apps/oracle/etc/目录下netca.rsp
$vim u01/app/database/database/response/netca.rsp
（文件末尾添加）
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/u01/app/database/database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/home/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

$cd /home/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin
$./netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/u01/app/database/database/response/netca.rsp

3.4、启动监听
$ls -l lsnrctl
-rwxr-x--x 1 oracle oinstall 158440 Jan 3 13:53 lsnrctl

修改listener.ora
参考以下已经安装过的listener.ora并且能正常启动
$cd /home/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/
$vim listener.ora
======================================================================
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /home/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.80.140)(PORT = 1521))
    )
)

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /home/oracle/u01/app/oracle
======================================================================

修改tnsnames.ora
参考以下已经安装过的tnsnames.ora并且能正常启动
$vim tnsnames.ora
======================================================================

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /home/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.80.140)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
)

======================================================================

# 启动监听
[oracle@localhost bin]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 03-JAN-2024 14:15:03

TNS-01106: Listener using listener name LISTENER has already been started

3.5、静默建库
3.5.1、编辑文件：vim /home/oracle/u01/app/database/database/response/dbca.rsp修改参数
$vim /home/oracle/u01/app/database/database/response/dbca.rsp

[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE="createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "orcl"
#数据库的名字,与环境变量配置保持一致
SID = "orcl"
#对应的实例名字,与环境变量配置保持一致
SYSPASSWORD = "111111"
#SYS管理员密码
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "111111"
#SYSTEM管理员密码
SYSMANPASSWORD="111111"
DBSNMPPASSWORD="111111"
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"
[ADDINSTANCE]
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl" #数据库的名字,与环境变量配置保持一致
[DELETEINSTANCE]
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl" #数据库的名字,与环境变量配置保持一致
INSTANCENAME = "orcl"    #数据库的名字,与环境变量配置保持一致

3.5.2、执行建库命令
$cd /home/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin
$./dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/u01/app/database/database/response/dbca.rsp