jmx_exporter监控java应用（tomcat/jar）

最新推荐文章于 2026-03-27 09:50:55 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2026-03-27 09:50:55 发布 · 4.5k 阅读

本文介绍如何通过jmx_exporter实现Tomcat的性能指标收集，并利用Prometheus进行数据存储及查询，最后通过Grafana展示这些数据的图形化视图。

一、整合jmx_exporter+tomcat

1、下载jmx_exporter：

下载地址：https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/prometheus/jmx/jmx_prometheus_javaagent/0.12.0/jmx_prometheus_javaagent-0.12.0.jar

2、配置jmx_exporter:

jmx_exporter config文件示例地址:
https://github.com/prometheus/jmx_exporter/tree/master/example_configs
对tomcat.yaml略作修改，增加metric结果如下：

注：VI config.yaml把下面的内容添加即可

---   
lowercaseOutputLabelNames: true
lowercaseOutputName: true
whitelistObjectNames: ["java.lang:type=OperatingSystem"]
blacklistObjectNames: []
rules:
- pattern: 'Catalina<type=GlobalRequestProcessor, name=\"(\w+-\w+)-(\d+)\"><>(\w+):'
  name: tomcat_$3_total
  labels:
    port: "$2"
    protocol: "$1"
  help: Tomcat global $3
  type: COUNTER
- pattern: 'Catalina<j2eeType=Servlet, WebModule=//([-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|!:.,;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|]), name=([-a-zA-Z0-9+/$%~_-|!.]*), J2EEApplication=none, J2EEServer=none><>(requestCount|maxTime|processingTime|errorCount):'
  name: tomcat_servlet_$3_total
  labels:
    module: "$1"
    servlet: "$2"
  help: Tomcat servlet $3 total
  type: COUNTER
- pattern: 'Catalina<type=ThreadPool, name="(\w+-\w+)-(\d+)"><>(currentThreadCount|currentThreadsBusy|keepAliveCount|pollerThreadCount|connectionCount):'
  name: tomcat_threadpool_$3
  labels:
    port: "$2"
    protocol: "$1"
  help: Tomcat threadpool $3
  type: GAUGE
- pattern: 'Catalina<type=Manager, host=([-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|!:.,;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|]), context=([-a-zA-Z0-9+/$%~_-|!.]*)><>(processingTime|sessionCounter|rejectedSessions|expiredSessions):'
  name: tomcat_session_$3_total
  labels:
    context: "$2"
    host: "$1"
  help: Tomcat session $3 total
  type: COUNTER
- pattern: 'java.lang<type=OperatingSystem><>(committed_virtual_memory|free_physical_memory|free_swap_space|total_physical_memory|total_swap_space)_size:'
  name: os_$1_bytes
  type: GAUGE
  attrNameSnakeCase: true
- pattern: 'java.lang<type=OperatingSystem><>((?!process_cpu_time)\w+):'
  name: os_$1
  type: GAUGE
  attrNameSnakeCase: true

或者

---   
lowercaseOutputLabelNames: true
lowercaseOutputName: true
rules:
- pattern: 'Catalina<type=GlobalRequestProcessor, name=\"(\w+-\w+)-(\d+)\"><>(\w+):'
  name: tomcat_$3_total
  labels:
    port: "$2"
    protocol: "$1"
  help: Tomcat global $3
  type: COUNTER
- pattern: 'Catalina<j2eeType=Servlet, WebModule=//([-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|!:.,;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|]), name=([-a-zA-Z0-9+/$%~_-|!.]*), J2EEApplication=none, J2EEServer=none><>(requestCount|maxTime|processingTime|errorCount):'
  name: tomcat_servlet_$3_total
  labels:
    module: "$1"
    servlet: "$2"
  help: Tomcat servlet $3 total
  type: COUNTER
- pattern: 'Catalina<type=ThreadPool, name="(\w+-\w+)-(\d+)"><>(currentThreadCount|currentThreadsBusy|keepAliveCount|pollerThreadCount|connectionCount):'
  name: tomcat_threadpool_$3
  labels:
    port: "$2"
    protocol: "$1"
  help: Tomcat threadpool $3
  type: GAUGE
- pattern: 'Catalina<type=Manager, host=([-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|!:.,;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|]), context=([-a-zA-Z0-9+/$%~_-|!.]*)><>(processingTime|sessionCounter|rejectedSessions|expiredSessions):'
  name: tomcat_session_$3_total
  labels:
    context: "$2"
    host: "$1"
  help: Tomcat session $3 total
  type: COUNTER

3、配置tomcat

在tomcat bin目录下新增setenv.sh，内容如下，使 jmx_exporter 可以跟 tomcat 一起启动。

JAVA_OPTS="-javaagent:/usr/local/jmx/jmx_prometheus_javaagent-0.3.1.jar=30013:/usr/local/jmx/config.yaml"

二、整合jmx_exporter+jar包

1、下载jmx_exporter：

下载地址：https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/prometheus/jmx/jmx_prometheus_javaagent/0.12.0/jmx_prometheus_javaagent-0.12.0.jar

2、配置jmx_exporter:

jmx_exporter config文件示例地址:
https://github.com/prometheus/jmx_exporter/tree/master/example_configs
对tomcat.yaml略作修改，并增加metric，

注：VI jar.yaml把下面的内容添加即可

---   
lowercaseOutputLabelNames: true
lowercaseOutputName: true
whitelistObjectNames: ["java.lang:type=OperatingSystem"]
blacklistObjectNames: []
rules:
- pattern: 'Tomcat<type=GlobalRequestProcessor, name=\"(\w+-\w+)-(\d+)\"><>(\w+):'
  name: tomcat_$3_total
  labels:
    port: "$2"
    protocol: "$1"
  help: Tomcat global $3
  type: COUNTER
- pattern: 'Tomcat<j2eeType=Servlet, WebModule=//([-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|!:.,;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|]), name=([-a-zA-Z0-9+/$%~_-|!.]*), J2EEApplication=none, J2EEServer=none><>(requestCount|maxTime|processingTime|errorCount):'
  name: tomcat_servlet_$3_total
  labels:
    module: "$1"
    servlet: "$2"
  help: Tomcat servlet $3 total
  type: COUNTER
- pattern: 'Tomcat<type=ThreadPool, name="(\w+-\w+)-(\d+)"><>(currentThreadCount|currentThreadsBusy|keepAliveCount|pollerThreadCount|connectionCount):'
  name: tomcat_threadpool_$3
  labels:
    port: "$2"
    protocol: "$1"
  help: Tomcat threadpool $3
  type: GAUGE
- pattern: 'Tomcat<type=Manager, host=([-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|!:.,;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|]), context=([-a-zA-Z0-9+/$%~_-|!.]*)><>(processingTime|sessionCounter|rejectedSessions|expiredSessions):'
  name: tomcat_session_$3_total
  labels:
    context: "$2"
    host: "$1"
  help: Tomcat session $3 total
  type: COUNTER
- pattern: 'java.lang<type=OperatingSystem><>(committed_virtual_memory|free_physical_memory|free_swap_space|total_physical_memory|total_swap_space)_size:'
  name: os_$1_bytes
  type: GAUGE
  attrNameSnakeCase: true
- pattern: 'java.lang<type=OperatingSystem><>((?!process_cpu_time)\w+):'
  name: os_$1
  type: GAUGE
  attrNameSnakeCase: true  
- pattern: ".*"

3、启动jar包

在jar包启动命令中添加启动参数如下，使jmx_exporter与jar包一同启动：

java  -javaagent:../jmx_prometheus_javaagent-0.12.0.jar=30014:jar.yml -Dspring.config.location=def.properties -Dserver.port=11130 -jar authority-admin-1.0.0-CLOUD-PROD.jar

java -javaagent:../jmx_prometheus_javaagent-0.12.0.jar=30014:jar.yml -jar authority-admin-1.0.0-CLOUD-PROD.jar (你自己软件包)

参考：https://www.jianshu.com/p/8a5e681b18ce

三、整合Prometheus+grafana

1、prometheus新增target

可通过静态配置或自动发现的方式新增 jmx_exporter的ip:port为target

// prometheus.yml 配置文件内容
 - job_name: 'tomcat'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['localhost:30013']
      labels:
        appname: 'test'

2、grafana配置

使用id为8563进行grafana配置。

3、Grafana图形化：Tomcat JVM.json

{
  "__inputs": [
    {
      "name": "DS_PROMETHEUS",
      "label": "Prometheus",
      "description": "",
      "type": "datasource",
      "pluginId": "prometheus",
      "pluginName": "Prometheus"
    }
  ],
  "__requires": [
    {
      "type": "grafana",
      "id": "grafana",
      "name": "Grafana",
      "version": "5.0.4"
    },
    {
      "type": "panel",
      "id": "graph",
      "name": "Graph",
      "version": "5.0.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "datasource",
      "id": "prometheus",
      "name": "Prometheus",
      "version": "5.0.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "panel",
      "id": "singlestat",
      "name": "Singlestat",
      "version": "5.0.0"
    }
  ],
  "annotations": {
    "list": [
      {