[HDU5918]Sequence I

本文介绍了一种使用KMP算法解决特定序列匹配问题的方法,通过将长序列按步长归类,针对每一类应用KMP算法统计与目标序列完全一致的子串数量,有效避免了重复计算。

Time Limit: 3000/1500 MS (Java/Others)
Memory Limit: 65536/65536 K (Java/Others)

Problem Description
Mr. Frog has two sequences a1,a2,⋯,ana_1,a_2,⋯,a_na1,a2,,an and b1,b2,⋯,bmb_1,b_2,⋯,b_mb1,b2,,bm and a number ppp. He wants to know the number of positions q such that sequence b1,b2,⋯,bmb_1,b_2,⋯,b_mb1,b2,,bm is exactly the sequence aq,aq+p,aq+2p,⋯,aq+(m−1)pa_q,a_{q+p},a_{q+2p},⋯,a_{q+(m−1)p}aq,aq+p,aq+2p,,aq+(m1)p where q+(m−1)p≤nq+(m−1)p≤nq+(m1)pn and q≥1q≥1q1.

Input
The first line contains only one integer T≤100T≤100T100, which indicates the number of test cases.

Each test case contains three lines.

The first line contains three space-separated integers 1≤n≤106,1≤m≤1061≤n≤10^6,1≤m≤10^61n106,1m106 and 1≤p≤1061≤p≤10^61p106.

The second line contains n integers a1,a2,⋯,an(1≤ai≤109)a_1,a_2,⋯,a_n(1≤a_i≤10^9)a1,a2,,an(1ai109).

the third line contains m integers b1,b2,⋯,bm(1≤bi≤109)b_1,b_2,⋯,b_m(1≤b_i≤10^9)b1,b2,,bm(1bi109).

Output
For each test case, output one line “Case #x: y”, where x is the case number (starting from 1) and y is the number of valid q’s.

Sample Input

2
6 3 1
1 2 3 1 2 3
1 2 3
6 3 2
1 3 2 2 3 1
1 2 3

Sample Output

Case #1: 2
Case #2: 1

题意:
n,m,pn,m,pn,m,p,再给两个数字串a,ba,ba,baaa的长度为nnnbbb的长度为mmm。问有多少个q>=1q>=1q>=1满足 b1,b2,⋯,bmb_1,b_2,⋯,b_mb1,b2,,bmaq,aq+p,aq+2p,⋯,aq+(m−1)pa_q,a_{q+p},a_{q+2p},⋯,a_{q+(m−1)p}aq,aq+p,aq+2p,,aq+(m1)p 完全一致
题解:
kmp,把aaa中的元素按照ii%pi归类,然后对于每个类当成一个串来用kmp统计这个串中有多少个与bbb完全一致的子串。
注意:用kmp统计符合条件的子串个数的时候,每匹配到一个子串就要将指针向下移动一格。不然会重复计算。

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int n,m,p;
int a[1000004],b[1000004],nt[1000004];
vector<int>ov[1000004];
int getnext(){
    memset(nt,0,sizeof(nt));
    int j=0;
    for(int i=2;i<=m;i++){
        while(j>0&&b[j+1]!=b[i])j=nt[j];
        if(b[j+1]==b[i])j++;
        nt[i]=j;
    }
    return 0;
}
int calc(int st){
    int j=0,res=0;
    for(int i=0;i<ov[st].size();i++){
        while(j>0&&b[j+1]!=ov[st][i])j=nt[j];
        if(b[j+1]==ov[st][i])j++;
        if(j==m){
            res++;
            j=nt[j];///记住要后移
        }
    }
    return res;
}
int w33ha(int CASE){
    scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&m,&p);
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    for(int i=1;i<=m;i++)scanf("%d",&b[i]);
    getnext();
    for(int i=0;i<p;i++)if(ov[i].size()>0)ov[i].clear();
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)ov[i%p].push_back(a[i]);
    int ans=0;
    for(int i=0;i<p;i++){
        if(ov[i].size()>=m)ans+=calc(i);
    }
    printf("Case #%d: %d\n",CASE,ans);
    return 0;
}
int main(){
    int T;scanf("%d",&T);
    for(int i=1;i<=T;i++)w33ha(i);
    return 0;
}

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