HDU 3499 Flight(SPFA + dp)

最新推荐文章于 2019-07-31 01:45:20 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2019-07-31 01:45:20 发布 · 422 阅读

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#SPFA #DP

本文介绍了HDU 3499 Flight问题，这是一个带有特殊信用卡打折条件的最短路径问题。通过使用SPFA算法和动态规划（DP）方法，解决从起点到终点的最低旅行费用。当存在可用航班时，计算考虑打折的最低总成本，否则输出-1。示例展示了不同情况下的输出结果，并解释了如何通过哈希记录顶点序号简化处理。

题目

Recently, Shua Shua had a big quarrel with his GF. He is so upset that he decides to take a trip to some other city to avoid meeting her. He will travel only by air and he can go to any city if there exists a flight and it can help him reduce the total cost to the destination. There’s a problem here: Shua Shua has a special credit card which can reduce half the price of a ticket ( i.e. 100 becomes 50, 99 becomes 49. The original and reduced price are both integers. ). But he can only use it once. He has no idea which flight he should choose to use the card to make the total cost least. Can you help him?

Input
There are no more than 10 test cases. Subsequent test cases are separated by a blank line.
The first line of each test case contains two integers N and M ( 2 <= N <= 100,000
0 <= M <= 500,000 ), representing the number of cities and flights. Each of the following M lines contains “X Y D” representing a flight from city X to city Y with ticket price D ( 1 <= D <= 100,000 ). Notice that not all of the cities will appear in the list! The last line contains “S E” representing the start and end city. X, Y, S, E are all strings consisting of at most 10 alphanumeric characters.

Output
One line for each test case the least money Shua Shua have to pay. If it’s impossible for him to finish the trip, just output -1.

Sample Input

4 4
Harbin Beijing 500
Harbin Shanghai 1000
Beijing Chengdu 600
Shanghai Chengdu 400
Harbin Chengdu
4 0
Harbin Chengdu

Sample Output

800
-1

解析

题目大意：就是给你一些城市，和这些城市之间的航班的价格，Shua Shua将会从一个地点到另一个地点的最小花费，典型的最短路径问题！但是这题有个额外的条件，就是她有一次打折的机会，在这个条件上进行求最小值。简称为带条件约数的最短路径问题。
思路: 对于这个打折条件，我们可以得出对于每一次坐飞机都可以有打折和不打折的情况，故而属于动态规划问题，即这次状态的最优值依赖于上一个状态的解。这里假设dp[city][0]表示不打折到city的最优解，dp[city][1]表示打折到city的最优解。显然有如下方程：