java 文件上传 下载 总结

首先引入2个jar
![](http://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1128666/201711/1128666-20171101145630498-2084371020.png)

package uploaddownload;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.sql.Savepoint;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadBase;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.ProgressListener;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
/**
 * 
 * @ClassName UploadBoost
 * @Description TODO(这里用一句话描述这个类的作用)
 * @Author pengzh humi
 * @Date 2017年11月1日 上午10:38:36
 */
public class UploadBoost extends HttpServlet{

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Override
    public void init() throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("UploadBoost init ...");
    }
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("DO Get method ...");
        String saveFile = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
        String tempPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/temp");
        File tempFile = new File(tempPath);
        if(!tempFile.exists()){
            tempFile.mkdir();
        }
        //消息提示
        String message="";
        InputStream in =null;
        FileOutputStream out = null;
        
        try {
            DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
            factory.setSizeThreshold(1024*1024*5);//5k缓存
            factory.setRepository(tempFile);//临时保存路径
            ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);//创建文件解析器
            upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener() {//上传进度
                public void update(long finished, long total, int rate) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                    System.out.println("文件上传进度"+finished+"/"+total+"|"+Math.floor((double)(finished*100/total))+"% rate="+rate);
                }
            });
            upload.setHeaderEncoding("utf-8");//解决文件名乱码
            if(!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)){
                message = "非媒体文件上传";
                return;
            }
            upload.setFileSizeMax(1024*1024*5);//设置单个文件上传最大为5M
            upload.setSizeMax(1024*1024*10);//设置上传文件总量最大值为5M
            
            List<FileItem> fileList = upload.parseRequest(req);
            for (FileItem item : fileList) {
                if(item.isFormField()){
                    System.out.println("表单数据：name="+item.getFieldName()+" value="+item.getString("utf-8"));
                }else{
                    String fileName =item.getName();
                    if(fileName==null||fileName.trim().equals("")){
                        continue;
                    }
                    System.out.println("上传的文件名："+fileName);
                    fileName = getFileName(fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("\\")+1));//得到唯一文件名
                    String fileExtName=fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")+1);//得到后缀名
                    String dir = getPaht(fileName, saveFile);
                    System.out.println("唯一文件名："+fileName+"\n文件扩展名"+fileExtName+"\n保存路径名："+saveFile+"\n哈希路径："+dir);
                    in = item.getInputStream();
                    out = new FileOutputStream(dir+"\\"+fileName);
                    byte[] buff= new byte[1024];//字节流 1k缓冲
                    int length=0;//文件标记位
                    while((length=in.read(buff, 0, length))>0){
                        out.write(buff, 0, length);
                    }
                message="文件上传成功";
                }
            }
        }catch (FileUploadBase.FileSizeLimitExceededException  e) {
            System.out.println("上传失败   "+e.getMessage());
            message="上传失败   "+e.getMessage();
        }catch (FileUploadBase.SizeLimitExceededException e) {
            System.out.println("上传失败   "+e.getMessage());
            message="上传失败   "+e.getMessage();
        }catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("上传失败   "+e.getMessage());
            message="上传失败   "+e.getMessage();
        }finally{
            //关闭流 并置空 让JVM去回收
            out.close();out=null;
            in.close();in=null;
            //消息提示
            System.out.println("message="+message);
            req.setAttribute("message", message);
            req.getRequestDispatcher("/message.jsp").forward(req, resp);
        }
        
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("Do Post method ...");
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
    /**
     * 
     * @param name
     * @return 唯一文件名
     */
    public String getFileName(String name){
        return UUID.randomUUID().toString()+"_"+name;
    }
    /**
     * 
     * @param name
     * @param path
     * @return 得到哈希路径
     */
    public String getPaht(String name,String path){
        int hashcode = name.hashCode();
        int dir1 = hashcode&0xf;
        int dir2 = dir1>>4;
//      System.out.println("hashcode="+hashcode+"\ndir1="+dir1+"\ndir2="+dir2);
        String dir = path +"\\"+dir1+"\\"+dir2;
        File file = new File(dir);
        if(!file.exists()){
            file.mkdirs();
//          System.out.println("file==="+file+"   "+file.toURI());
        }
        return dir;
    }
}

===============================================================

package uploaddownload;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
 * 
 * @ClassName DownLoadServlet
 * @Description 文件下载
 * @Author pengzh humi
 * @Date 2017年11月2日 下午8:10:20
 */
public class DownLoadServlet extends HttpServlet{

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        String realPaht= this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
        String fileName =req.getParameter("filename");
        String filePath =findFileBySavePath(fileName, realPaht);
        File file = new File(filePath+"\\"+fileName);//得到需要下载的文件
        System.out.println("文件下载 DownLoadServlet 路径"+filePath+"\\"+fileName);
        if(!file.exists()){
            req.setAttribute("message", "你要下载的文件已删除");
            req.getRequestDispatcher("/message.jsp").forward(req, resp);
            return;
        }
        fileName = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf('_')+1);
         //设置响应头，控制浏览器下载该文件
        resp.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
        OutputStream out=resp.getOutputStream();
        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
        int len =0;
        byte[] buff= new byte[1024];
        System.out.println("将下载  DownLoadServlet: "+fileName);
        while((len=in.read(buff))>0){
            out.write(buff, 0, len);
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
    /**
     * 
     * @param fileName  文件名
     * @param savePath  下载后保存的路径
     * @return
     */
    public String findFileBySavePath(String fileName,String savePath){
        int hashCode = fileName.hashCode();
        int dir1 = hashCode&0xf;
        int dir2 = dir1>>4;
        String dir = savePath+"\\"+dir1+"\\"+dir2;
        System.out.println("保存目录处理：dir1="+dir1+"  dir2="+dir2+" dir="+dir);
        File file = new File(dir);
        if(!file.exists()){
            file.mkdirs();
        }
        return dir;
    }
}