RMAN备份恢复 （数据文件）

最新推荐文章于 2026-03-27 09:28:56 发布
转载 最新推荐文章于 2026-03-27 09:28:56 发布 · 239 阅读 · 0

          1

 

 

查看归档是否开启

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode               No Archive Mode

Automatic archival               Disabled

Archive destination               USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     5

Current log sequence               7

 

开启归档

SQL> startup mount------------开启归档，数据库必须处于mount的状态；

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  830930944 bytes

Fixed Size                    2257800 bytes

Variable Size                  536874104 bytes

Database Buffers          285212672 bytes

Redo Buffers                    6586368 bytes

Database mounted.

 

SQL> alter database archivelog;

 

Database altered.

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode               Archive Mode

Automatic archival               Enabled

Archive destination               USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     5

Next log sequence to archive   7

Current log sequence               7

 

2

查看日志的变化

SQL> desc v$log;

 Name                                           Null?    Type

 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

 GROUP#                                             NUMBER

 THREAD#                                            NUMBER

 SEQUENCE#                                            NUMBER

 BYTES                                                    NUMBER

 BLOCKSIZE                                            NUMBER

 MEMBERS                                            NUMBER

 ARCHIVED                                            VARCHAR2(3)

 STATUS                                             VARCHAR2(16)

 FIRST_CHANGE#                                            NUMBER

 FIRST_TIME                                            DATE

 NEXT_CHANGE#                                            NUMBER

 NEXT_TIME                                            DATE

 

SQL> select GROUP# STATUS from v$log;

 

    STATUS

----------

 1

 2

 3

SQL> select group#,status,archived from v$log;

 

    GROUP# STATUS            ARC

---------- ---------------- ---

 1 CURRENT            NO

 2 INACTIVE            YES--------------内存中的数据已经同步到数据文件中，而且也已经归档

 3 INACTIVE            YES--------------已经归档，但是还没有同步到数据文件中

 

SQL> alter system switch logfile;------------切换日志，然后再看一下状态；

 

System altered.

 

SQL> select group#,status,archived from v$log;

 

    GROUP# STATUS            ARC

---------- ---------------- ---

 1 ACTIVE            YES

 2 CURRENT            NO

 3 INACTIVE            YES

 

3

SCN号：时间，一串数字，一直向前走，不会倒退的

SQL> select current_scn from v$database;

 

CURRENT_SCN

-----------

    1025790

 

SQL> /

 

CURRENT_SCN

-----------

    1025791

 

SQL> /

 

CURRENT_SCN

-----------

    1025792

每查一次，SCN号就涨一次；

控制文件中记录着数据文件最后被写的时间；

SQL> desc v$datafile;

 Name                                           Null?    Type

 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

 FILE#                                                    NUMBER

 CREATION_CHANGE#                                    NUMBER

 CREATION_TIME                                            DATE

 TS#                                                    NUMBER

 RFILE#                                             NUMBER

 STATUS                                             VARCHAR2(7)

 ENABLED                                            VARCHAR2(10)

 CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#                                    NUMBER-------记录着数据文件最后被写的时间，记录在控制文件中

 CHECKPOINT_TIME                                    DATE

 UNRECOVERABLE_CHANGE#                                    NUMBER

 UNRECOVERABLE_TIME                                    DATE

 LAST_CHANGE#                                            NUMBER

 LAST_TIME                                            DATE

 OFFLINE_CHANGE#                                    NUMBER

 ONLINE_CHANGE#                                     NUMBER

 ONLINE_TIME                                            DATE

 BYTES                                                    NUMBER

 BLOCKS                                             NUMBER

 CREATE_BYTES                                            NUMBER

 BLOCK_SIZE                                            NUMBER

 NAME                                                    VARCHAR2(513)

 PLUGGED_IN                                            NUMBER

 BLOCK1_OFFSET                                            NUMBER

 AUX_NAME                                            VARCHAR2(513)

 FIRST_NONLOGGED_SCN                                    NUMBER

 FIRST_NONLOGGED_TIME                                    DATE

 FOREIGN_DBID                                            NUMBER

 FOREIGN_CREATION_CHANGE#                            NUMBER

 FOREIGN_CREATION_TIME                                    DATE

 PLUGGED_READONLY                                    VARCHAR2(3)

 PLUGIN_CHANGE#                                     NUMBER

 PLUGIN_RESETLOGS_CHANGE#                            NUMBER

 PLUGIN_RESETLOGS_TIME                                    DATE

SQL> select NAME,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile;

 

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

   1024754-----------此数据文件最后被修改的SCN号

 

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/sysaux01.dbf

   1024754

 

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

   1024754

 

 

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/users01.dbf

   1024754

 

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf

   1024754

 

SQL> desc v$datafile_header;----------去抓现在文件的时间是多少？

 Name                                           Null?    Type

 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

 FILE#                                                    NUMBER

 STATUS                                             VARCHAR2(7)

 ERROR                                                    VARCHAR2(18)

 FORMAT                                             NUMBER

 RECOVER                                            VARCHAR2(3)

 FUZZY                                                    VARCHAR2(3)

 CREATION_CHANGE#                                    NUMBER

 CREATION_TIME                                            DATE

 TABLESPACE_NAME                                    VARCHAR2(30)

 TS#                                                    NUMBER

 RFILE#                                             NUMBER

 RESETLOGS_CHANGE#                                    NUMBER

 RESETLOGS_TIME                                     DATE

 CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#                                    NUMBER

 CHECKPOINT_TIME                                    DATE

 CHECKPOINT_COUNT                                    NUMBER

 BYTES                                                    NUMBER

 BLOCKS                                             NUMBER

 NAME                                                    VARCHAR2(513)

 SPACE_HEADER                                            VARCHAR2(40)

 LAST_DEALLOC_CHANGE#                                    VARCHAR2(16)

 UNDO_OPT_CURRENT_CHANGE#                            VARCHAR2(40)

SQL>  select FILE#,NAME,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

SQL> select FILE#,NAME,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile;

 

  

 

4

数据文件丢了恢复的过程；

普通数据文件的恢复；

首先查看一下都有什么表空间，然后删除；

SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces;

 

TABLESPACE_NAME

------------------------------

SYSTEM

SYSAUX

UNDOTBS1

TEMP

USERS

EXAMPLE

 

6 rows selected.

 

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode               Archive Mode

Automatic archival               Enabled

Archive destination               USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     6

Next log sequence to archive   8

Current log sequence               8

SQL> desc dba_data_files;

 Name                                           Null?    Type

 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

 FILE_NAME                                            VARCHAR2(513)

 FILE_ID                                            NUMBER

 TABLESPACE_NAME                                    VARCHAR2(30)

 BYTES                                                    NUMBER

 BLOCKS                                             NUMBER

 STATUS                                             VARCHAR2(9)

 RELATIVE_FNO                                            NUMBER

 AUTOEXTENSIBLE                                     VARCHAR2(3)

 MAXBYTES                                            NUMBER

 MAXBLOCKS                                            NUMBER

 INCREMENT_BY                                            NUMBER

 USER_BYTES                                            NUMBER

 USER_BLOCKS                                            NUMBER

 ONLINE_STATUS                                            VARCHAR2(7)

SQL> alter system switch logfile;------切换日志

 

System altered.

SQL> alter system archive log current;----切换日志

 

System altered.

SQL>  select FILE#,NAME,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile;

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 1

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

   1026253

 

 2

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/sysaux01.dbf

   1026253

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 

 3

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

   1026253

 

 4

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/users01.dbf

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

   1026253

 

 5

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf

   1026253

 

SQL> select FILE#,NAME,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;---------直接从数据文件中读

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 1

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

   1026596

 

 2

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/sysaux01.dbf

   1026596

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 

 3

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

   1026596

 

 4

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/users01.dbf

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

   1026596

 

 5

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf

   1026596

可以看出我们的example01.dbf的SCN号是不一样的；

 

5

进RMAN备份；

[oracle@enmoedu dbs]$ rman target/

 

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Mar 13 10:49:42 2016

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

 

connected to target database: ENMOEDU (DBID=163971148)

RMAN> backup as copy database ;

 

Starting backup at 13-MAR-16

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog--------备份到控制文件中

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=10 device type=DISK-----进程信息

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/datafile/o1_mf_system_cg9nvvbr_.dbf tag=TAG20160313T104203 RECID=2 STAMP=906374531

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/sysaux01.dbf

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_cg9nwbfk_.dbf tag=TAG20160313T104203 RECID=3 STAMP=906374541

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/datafile/o1_mf_example_cg9nwfhp_.dbf tag=TAG20160313T104203 RECID=4 STAMP=906374543

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_cg9nwjpk_.dbf tag=TAG20160313T104203 RECID=5 STAMP=906374545

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

copying current control file

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/controlfile/o1_mf_TAG20160313T104203_cg9nwkvd_.ctl tag=TAG20160313T104203 RECID=6 STAMP=906374547

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/users01.dbf

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/datafile/o1_mf_users_cg9nwo1y_.dbf tag=TAG20160313T104203 RECID=7 STAMP=906374549

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 13-MAR-16

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 13-MAR-16

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/backupset/2016_03_13/o1_mf_nnsnf_TAG20160313T104203_cg9nwp91_.bkp tag=TAG20160313T104203 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 13-MAR-16

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

 

System altered.

 

SQL> /

 

System altered.

 

SQL> /

 

System altered.

切换日志，代表过了好几天了；

此时再查一下；

SQL> select FILE#,NAME,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 1

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

   1026829

 

 2

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/sysaux01.dbf

   1026829

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 

 3

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

   1026829

 

 4

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/users01.dbf

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

   1026829

 

 5

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf

   1026829

 

SQL>  select FILE#,NAME,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile;     

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 1

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

   1026829

 

 2

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/sysaux01.dbf

   1026829

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 

 3

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

   1026829

 

 4

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/users01.dbf

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

   1026829

 

 5

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf

   1026829

 

 

 

6

SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;----告诉控制文件，让丢失的数据文件先下线；

 

Database altered.
 

SQL> select FILE#        ,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#        ,NAME, STATUS from v$datafile;

 

     FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

---------- ------------------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

STATUS

-------

 1               999895

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

SYSTEM

 

 2               999895

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/sysaux01.dbf

ONLINE

 

     FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

---------- ------------------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

STATUS

-------

 

 3               999895

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

ONLINE

 

 4               999895

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/users01.dbf

 

     FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

---------- ------------------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

STATUS

-------

ONLINE

 

 5               999895

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf

RECOVER

 

 

 

SQL> select file#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,NAME,STATUS from v$datafile_header;

 

     FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

---------- ------------------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

STATUS

-------

 1               999895

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

ONLINE

 

 2               999895

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/sysaux01.dbf

ONLINE

 

     FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

---------- ------------------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

STATUS

-------

 

 3               999895

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

ONLINE

 

 4               999895

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/users01.dbf

 

     FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

---------- ------------------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

STATUS

-------

ONLINE

 

 5                    0

 

OFFLINE

 

因为数据文件丢失，所以SCN号是不一样的；

我们恢复数据文件再查看一下；

RMAN> restore datafile 5;

 

Starting restore at 13-MAR-16

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=10 device type=DISK

 

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005

input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=906374543 file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/datafile/o1_mf_example_cg9nwfhp_.dbf

destination for restore of datafile 00005: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: copied datafile copy of datafile 00005

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf RECID=0 STAMP=0

Finished restore at 13-MAR-16

 

RMAN> recover datafile 5;

 

Starting recover at 13-MAR-16

using channel ORA_DISK_1

 

starting media recovery

 

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_8_cg9o32xp_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_9_cg9o43cm_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 10 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_10_cg9onn02_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_11_cg9onog0_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 12 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_12_cg9onp7p_.arc

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_8_cg9o32xp_.arc thread=1 sequence=8

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_9_cg9o43cm_.arc thread=1 sequence=9

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_10_cg9onn02_.arc thread=1 sequence=10

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 13-MAR-16

 

SQL> select FILE#,NAME,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile;

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 1

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

   1030301

 

 2

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/sysaux01.dbf

   1030301

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 

 3

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

   1030301

 

 4

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/users01.dbf

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

   1030301

 

 5

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf

   1027456

 

 

SQL> select FILE#,NAME,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 1

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

   1030301

 

 2

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/sysaux01.dbf

   1030301

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 

 3

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

   1030301

 

 4

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/users01.dbf

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

   1030301

 

 5

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf

   1027456

恢复刚刚丢失的数据文件之后，发现他们的SCN号是一致的

 

7

数据库在丢失了system表空间和undo表空间是不能打开的；

假如我把system表空间和undo表空间给删除了；

[oracle@enmoedu enmoedu]$ ls

control01.ctl  redo01.log  redo03.log    system01.dbf  undotbs01.dbf

example01.dbf  redo02.log  sysaux01.dbf  temp01.dbf    users01.dbf

[oracle@enmoedu enmoedu]$ rm system01.dbf

[oracle@enmoedu enmoedu]$ rm undotbs01.dbf

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  830930944 bytes

Fixed Size                    2257800 bytes

Variable Size                  536874104 bytes

Database Buffers          285212672 bytes

Redo Buffers                    6586368 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf'

由此可以看出，数据库已经起不来了。

那么下面我们就恢复我们删掉的表空间，然后再看能否起来；

RMAN> restore datafile 1;

 

Starting restore at 13-MAR-16

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=10 device type=DISK

 

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001

input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=906374531 file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/datafile/o1_mf_system_cg9nvvbr_.dbf

destination for restore of datafile 00001: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: copied datafile copy of datafile 00001

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf RECID=0 STAMP=0

Finished restore at 13-MAR-16

RMAN> recover datafile 1;

 

Starting recover at 13-MAR-16

using channel ORA_DISK_1

 

starting media recovery

 

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_8_cg9o32xp_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_9_cg9o43cm_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 10 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_10_cg9onn02_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_11_cg9onog0_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 12 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_12_cg9onp7p_.arc

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_8_cg9o32xp_.arc thread=1 sequence=8

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_9_cg9o43cm_.arc thread=1 sequence=9

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_10_cg9onn02_.arc thread=1 sequence=10

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at 13-MAR-16

 

RMAN> restore datafile 3;

 

Starting restore at 13-MAR-16

using channel ORA_DISK_1

 

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003

input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=906374545 file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_cg9nwjpk_.dbf

destination for restore of datafile 00003: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: copied datafile copy of datafile 00003

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf RECID=0 STAMP=0

Finished restore at 13-MAR-16

 

RMAN> recover datafile 3;

 

Starting recover at 13-MAR-16

using channel ORA_DISK_1

 

starting media recovery

 

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_8_cg9o32xp_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_9_cg9o43cm_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 10 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_10_cg9onn02_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_11_cg9onog0_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 12 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_12_cg9onp7p_.arc

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_8_cg9o32xp_.arc thread=1 sequence=8

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_9_cg9o43cm_.arc thread=1 sequence=9

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2016_03_13/o1_mf_1_10_cg9onn02_.arc thread=1 sequence=10

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 13-MAR-16

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  830930944 bytes

Fixed Size                    2257800 bytes

Variable Size                  536874104 bytes

Database Buffers          285212672 bytes

Redo Buffers                    6586368 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

现在我们的数据库已经起来了；

下面我们查看一下控制文件和数据文件头部是否同步；

SQL> select FILE#,NAME,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile;    

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 1

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

   1031442

 

 2

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/sysaux01.dbf

   1031442

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 

 3

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

   1031442

 

 4

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/users01.dbf

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

   1031442

 

 5

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf

   1027456

 

 

SQL> select FILE#,NAME,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 1

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/system01.dbf

   1031442

 

 2

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/sysaux01.dbf

   1031442

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

 

 3

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/undotbs01.dbf

   1031442

 

 4

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/users01.dbf

 

     FILE#

----------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

   1031442

 

 5

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/enmoedu/example01.dbf

   1027456

由此可以看出数据问价头部和控制文件是同步的；

 

8

CKPT：

控制文件记录着数据文件最后一次被写的时间；

ckpt通知dbwr进程，赶紧把内存中的赃数据写到数据文件中，同时跟新数据文件头和控制文件；

检查点被记录的地方（数据文件头部和控制文件）；

检查点的目的-----把赃数据写到数据文件中；保证数据一致性；减少实例恢复；

检查点队列：redo.log中的一个链。

检查点队列(检查点只是一个数据库事件,它存在的根本意义在于减少崩溃恢复时间),在BH中有一个ckptq项,双向链表.

  (1)只有脏块才会在检查点队列中,非脏块的ckptq为空。

  (2)当块首次被更改时,块会立即被加进检查点队列。 如果检查点队列中的脏块再次被修改,并不会改变其在

检查点队列中的位置。

  (3)检查点队列中脏块的排列顺序:根据第2点,所有脏块按照首次被更改的时间的顺序排列。 更准确点说:按

照块的lrba排列。

 

 

 

9

快速恢复区；

SQL> show parameter db_recovery;

 

NAME                                     TYPE         VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

db_recovery_file_dest                     string         /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_

 area

db_recovery_file_dest_size             big integer 4182M

SQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=5000m;-------设置快速恢复区的大小；

 

System altered.

SQL> show parameter db_recovery;

 

NAME                                     TYPE         VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

db_recovery_file_dest                     string         /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_

 area

db_recovery_file_dest_size             big integer 5000M

SQL> alter system reset db_recovery_file_dest='u01/junxiao';---------如果想要修改快速恢复区的位置，必须是reset，而不是set；

 

 

 

 

 

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/30606702/viewspace-2058423/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。

转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/30606702/viewspace-2058423/

congwei2855
关注
【Oracle】Oracle rman工具使用（真的细）
tttzzzqqq2018的博客
09-19 8342
Oracle RMAN（Recovery Manager）是Oracle数据库备份和恢复的官方工具，它提供的备份和恢复功能非常强大和可靠。RMAN可以备份整个数据库或特定表空间、数据文件、控制文件和归档日志，同时还可以进行增量备份和增量恢复。RMAN还提供了诸如备份验证、备份优化、备份复制、备份集管理、恢复操作、自动备份、自动恢复等高级功能。它使用的备份和恢复格式是Oracle通用的备份集（Backup Set），这使得备份和恢复非常灵活和高效。
RMAN备份数据库_使用RMAN备份数据库文件
jetliu05的博客
06-15 4874
RMAN备份数据库文件
使用RMAN备份与恢复数据库（4）——数据文件的备份与恢复
睿思达DBA
04-09 1412
使用RMAN备份与恢复数据库（4）——数据文件的备份与恢复 备份数据文件可以使用copy和backup命令，两者的区别在于：使用copy命令备份时，备份数据文件中的所有数据块（包括空白块），而backup命令，则备份高水位以下的块（忽略空白块）。 一、使用copy命令备份数据文件 1、备份数据文件 RMAN> copy datafile 5 to '/home/oracle/rmanbak/...
Oracle数据文件状态RECOVER的隐患：从一次RMAN备份恢复失败案例说起
最新发布
weixin_29221753的博客
03-27 162
本文深入分析了Oracle数据文件RECOVER状态的隐患，通过RMAN备份恢复失败案例揭示了归档日志缺失导致的恢复中断问题。文章提供了从实时监控到自动化修复的系统级防御策略，帮助DBA有效预防和应对数据文件状态异常引发的灾难。
Oracle使用RMAN进行备份详述
xiuqingzhouyang的博客
06-26 4392
在归档日志模式下，这就不是什么问题，因为重做日志流会以变更矢量的形式记录应用于文件的所有变更，在备份的过程中，这些变更会应用于Oracle 块。局部备份是备份数据库的一个子集。增量备份策略必须从一个完整备份开始，之后可以有随意多次增量备份，但还原总是需要先还原完整备份（称为0级备份），再应用增量备份，使文件保持最新。DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET 表示，在默认情况下，备份到磁盘时，只启动一个通道，该备份是一个未压缩的备份集。
oracle rman备份恢复
God_sign的博客
01-03 610
由于数据文件已破坏，需将损坏的数据文件先offline再打开。Rman模式下创建恢复目录，名字和表空间一样。数据文件恢复成功，将数据文件online。控制文件默认存放位置。
RMAN备份与恢复之可脱机数据文件丢失
DBA@Robin
01-15 4007
在上一篇文章（RMAN备份与恢复之控制文件丢失），我们讲解了控制文件丢失并且RMAN中有备份怎么处理，这篇文章讲解可脱机数据文件丢失的处理。
RMAN备份恢复数据文件找不到
sinat_36757755的博客
04-03 1921
最近在隔离环境进行数据库RMAN备份恢复的时候，遇到了恢复数据文件找不到导致恢复异常终止的情况，整理了当时的问题分析情况以及修复方法。 问题复现: 执行rman份恢复，恢复到时间点2022-04-02 17:06:00 run{ allocate channel c1 type disk; allocate channel c2 type disk; allocate channel c3 type disk; allocate channel ...
oracle 备份恢复篇(四)---rman 单个数据文件
Z14523299999的博客
03-01 1046
一,环境背景 　　　 ????拥有rman全量备份!!!!!!!!!! 　　　 ????rm删除system文件 　　　 ????查看本机数据文件位置 　　　 ????操作如下: 　　　 ????删除后,shutduwn abort关机 ????删库删表千万条,安全备份第一条,???? ????????????????????运维操作不规范.背上背包泪两行.???????????????????? 二,恢复操作 　　 登入rman 操作>&...
rman备份恢复-rman恢复数据文件测试
crbzijz188696507的博客
04-03 286
最近开始学习rman备份恢复了，主要看的是三思的资料，要谢谢他了，呵~~根据测试的结果，整体了下测试的笔记，发上来，供日后复习了！这一章节主要讲的是恢复数据文件测试 [@more@]第四章 rman恢复测试 一、wind...
Oracle 数据文件被删除后使用rman备份恢复过程
kevinyu998的博客
05-22 974
有个环境，因空间使用率100%，现场直接误删了数据文件，log记录恢复过程下。
RMAN备份与恢复—恢复无备份的数据文件
lufei051的专栏
10-31 581
首先模拟数据文件丢失 [sql] view plaincopyprint? RMAN> shutdown immediate    数据库已关闭  数据库已卸装  Oracle 实例已关闭    RMAN> host;     [oracle@linux dbs]$ rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tb1.dbf   [oracl
只有rman的备份文件（数据文件）恢复过程
建伟博客
01-03 1417
通过rman备份文件恢复spfile 通过rman备份文件恢复controlfile 通过rman备份文件恢复datafile 利用恢复回来的controlfile和datafile生成redolog 我系统环境所有的文件如下: [oracle@test dbs]$ pwd /opt/oracle/10g/dbs [oracle@test dbs]$
RMAN恢复丢失所有数据文件的数据，其中有数据文件是在备份后添加
crermom1734的博客
06-13 150
C:\Documents and Settings\GUXUELIANG>rman target / 恢复管理器: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期一 6月 13 15:31:2...
rman实验之归档模式有备份，正常关机丢失数据文件的恢复
记录创业路上的一些想法
08-06 2312
1 创建备份RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;    2 搭建环境hr@ORCL> create table tt (name varchar2(20)); Table created. hr@ORCL> insert into tt values('test1'); 1 row created. hr@ORCL> insert into tt v
oracle 11g备份文件位置,11g rman备份恢复数据文件datafile到新的位置
weixin_42365346的博客
04-10 453
----备份数据文件5-bash-3.2$ rman target sys/systembackup datafile 5 format '/oracle/rmanbackup/backupwisdomone.dbf';----恢复数据文件5到新的位置-bash-3.2$ rman target sys/systemRecovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Pr...
RMAN备份的裸设备数据文件恢复到文件系统数据文件上
cmbc33299的博客
06-03 205
公司新上线的数据库用的是裸设备，aix系统。 ebs系统。RMAN备份的裸设备数据文件恢复到文件系统数据文件上。 还没接触过rman。现在时间又很紧。压力很大。希望一切顺利。gogo。 希望早点做成功。 老大们也找我了。说...
rman备份-（1） 利用备份级恢复数据文件和控制文件
08-17 140
这段时间一直在练手rman恢复，由于之前对os下用户热备份的原理比较了解，陆陆续续看eygle的书然后动手，慢慢的了解rman基本的原理，还是比较有成就感的。热备份的原理是利用备份集restore（修复）数据库中数据文件 控制文...
【备份恢复】归档模式下丢失系统关键数据文件 利用RMAN备份恢复
congjiu2607的博客
10-17 192
在 ARCHIVELOG 模式下丢失了系统关键数据文件 1.查看数据库为归档模式 SQL> archive log list; Database log mode...
只有RMAN数据文件备份恢复过程
05-24 175
只有RMAN数据文件备份恢复过程 (欢迎转载frog create http://space.itpub.net/22779291/)步骤:1.建立密码文件,参数文件,数据存放目录,日志存放目录.2.指定ORACLE_SID,...
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

个

红包个数最小为10个

元

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43元 前往充值 >
需支付：10.00元
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付元
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明：

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币，按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载，可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值