RAC的TAF简单测试（四）

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-02 07:45:24 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2024-09-02 07:45:24 发布 · 142 阅读

本文介绍了Oracle RAC中的TAF（透明应用程序故障转移）功能，并通过具体配置示例对比了BASIC与PRECONNECT两种故障转移方式的区别，展示了不同方式下故障转移的时间差异。

Oracle的RAC的高可用功能除了负载均衡还包括TAF（Transparent Application Failover）。

RAC的TAF是指会话连接到一个实例上，如果这个实例出现了故障，Oracle会自动将会话迁移到另一个实例上。

RAC的TAF简单测试（一）：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/283068

RAC的TAF简单测试（二）：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/283277

RAC的TAF简单测试（三）：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/283474

这篇简单讨论一下TAF的BASIC方式和PRECONNECT方式。

TAF有两种切换方式，BASIC方式和PRECONNECT方式。对于BASIC方式，所有设置了TAF的会话在当前实例失败后，会连接到另外一个实例上。而对于PRECONNECT方式，每个连接的会话在主实例和备份实例上各连接一个会话，一旦主实例失败，可以迅速的切换到备份实例。

首先看看普通BASIC方式的tnsnames.ora的设置：

TESTRAC_BASIC =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.198.224)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.198.225)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = testrac)
(FAILOVER_MODE =
(TYPE = SELECT)
(METHOD = BASIC)
)
)
)

下面看看PRECONNECT的配置：

TESTRAC_PRE1 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.198.224)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.198.225)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = testrac)
(FAILOVER_MODE =
(TYPE = SELECT)
(METHOD = PRECONNECT)
(BACKUP = TESTRAC_PRE2)
)
)
)

TESTRAC_PRE2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.198.224)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.198.225)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = testrac)
(FAILOVER_MODE =
(TYPE = SELECT)
(METHOD = PRECONNECT)
(BACKUP = TESTRAC_PRE1)
)
)
)

对于BASIC方式的TAF：

SQL> CONN TEST/TEST@TESTRAC_BASIC已连接。
SQL> SELECT SID, FAILOVER_TYPE, FAILOVER_METHOD, FAILED_OVER
2 FROM V$SESSION
3 WHERE SID IN (SELECT SID FROM V$MYSTAT WHERE ROWNUM = 1);

SID FAILOVER_TYPE FAILOVER_M FAI
---------- ------------- ---------- ---
130 SELECT BASIC NO

SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME FROM V$INSTANCE;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
testrac1

通过SET TIMING ON来检查观察切换时间：

SQL> SET TIMING ON
SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME FROM V$INSTANCE;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
testrac1

已用时间: 00: 00: 00.01
SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME FROM V$INSTANCE;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
testrac1

已用时间: 00: 00: 00.01
SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME FROM V$INSTANCE;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
testrac2

已用时间: 00: 00: 00.25
SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME FROM V$INSTANCE;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
testrac2

已用时间: 00: 00: 00.00

在执行查询的同时在另外的窗口关闭实例1：

bash-2.03$ srvctl stop instance -d testrac -i testrac1

下面看看PRECONNECT的情况，首先开启实例：

bash-2.03$ srvctl start instance -d testrac -i testrac1

通过TESTRAC_PRE1服务名连接数据库：

SQL> SET TIMING OFF
SQL> CONN TEST/TEST@TESTRAC_PRE1已连接。
SQL> SELECT SID, FAILOVER_TYPE, FAILOVER_METHOD, FAILED_OVER
2 FROM V$SESSION
3 WHERE SID IN (SELECT SID FROM V$MYSTAT WHERE ROWNUM = 1);

SID FAILOVER_TYPE FAILOVER_M FAI
---------- ------------- ---------- ---
149 SELECT PRECONNECT NO

SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME FROM V$INSTANCE;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
testrac1

执行刚才的操作，检查PRECONNECT的TAF情况：

SID FAILOVER_TYPE FAILOVER_M FAI
---------- ------------- ---------- ---
149 SELECT PRECONNECT NO

SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME FROM V$INSTANCE;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
testrac1

SQL> SET TIMING ON
SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME FROM V$INSTANCE;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
testrac1

已用时间: 00: 00: 00.00
SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME FROM V$INSTANCE;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
testrac1

已用时间: 00: 00: 00.01
SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME FROM V$INSTANCE;