GHashTable基本用法和注意事项

1. GHashTable API介绍
   Glib中实现了一个高效的哈希表 —— GHashTable，可用来存储和查询键值对，GHashTable的主要 API定义如下：

#include <glib.h>


                    GHashTable;
GHashTable*         g_hash_table_new                    (GHashFunc hash_func,
                                                         GEqualFunc key_equal_func);
                                                         
GHashTable*         g_hash_table_new_full               (GHashFunc hash_func,
                                                         GEqualFunc key_equal_func,
                                                         GDestroyNotify key_destroy_func,
                                                         GDestroyNotify value_destroy_func);
                                                         
guint               (*GHashFunc)                        (gconstpointer key);

gboolean            (*GEqualFunc)                       (gconstpointer a,
                                                         gconstpointer b);
                                                         
void                g_hash_table_insert                 (GHashTable *hash_table,
                                                         gpointer key,
                                                         gpointer value);
                                                         
void                g_hash_table_replace                (GHashTable *hash_table,
                                                         gpointer key,
                                                         gpointer value);
                                                         
guint               g_hash_table_size                   (GHashTable *hash_table);

gpointer            g_hash_table_lookup                 (GHashTable *hash_table,
                                                         gconstpointer key);
                                                         
gboolean            g_hash_table_lookup_extended        (GHashTable *hash_table,
                                                         gconstpointer lookup_key,
                                                         gpointer *orig_key,
                                                         gpointer *value);
                                                         
void                g_hash_table_foreach                (GHashTable *hash_table,
                                                         GHFunc func,
                                                         gpointer user_data);
                                                         
gpointer            g_hash_table_find                   (GHashTable *hash_table,
                                                         GHRFunc predicate