Write an algorithm to determine if a number is "happy".
A happy number is a number defined by the following process: Starting with any positive integer, replace the number by the sum of the squares of its digits, and repeat the process until the number equals 1 (where it will stay), or it loops endlessly in a cycle which does not include 1. Those numbers for which this process ends in 1 are happy numbers.
Example: 19 is a happy number
- 12 + 92 = 82
- 82 + 22 = 68
- 62 + 82 = 100
- 12 + 02 + 02 = 1
第一次尝试代码(错误):
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public class Solution { public boolean isHappy(int n) { int x = 0; //如果n为1,则直接返回true if(n==1){ return true; } //计算各位数字的平方和 while(n!=0){ x += Math.pow((n%10),2); n = n/10; } //递归 if(isHappy(x)){ return true; } return false; }} |
出现无限循环,导致超时。(注意:Java求幂运算a^2,要用Math.pow(a,2))
2——>4——>16——>37——>58——>89——>145——>42——>20——>4
所以,要避免循环,就要记录下计算出的每一个数,如果发现有重复的(用HashMap),说明有循环。则判定为不是Happy Number
第二次尝试代码(正确);
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public class Solution { public boolean isHappy(int n) { //HashMap用来判断是否有死循环 HashMap hm = new HashMap(); int x = n; while(true){ if(x==1){ return true; } //如果有死循环,则返回false if(hm.containsKey(x)){ return false; } //将算出的新数放入HashMap hm.put(x,1); n = x; x = 0; //计算新数 while(n!=0){ x += Math.pow((n%10),2); n = n/10; } } }} |

本文介绍了一种算法来判断一个数是否为快乐数。快乐数定义为通过不断替换数字为各位数字的平方和,最终结果为1的数。文章详细解释了快乐数的概念,并提供了一个正确的实现代码,解决了首次尝试中遇到的无限循环问题。

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