这是正在开发的XML数据库的一个功能,我需要动态根据一个业务实体类型创建一个XSD架构文件,并使用其对最后的XML数据文件进行约束。
目前该功能仅仅是一个原型,还有待细化改进。例如在实体的成员上用一些特定的Attribute标明该成员要被保存的形态。
第一部分:业务实体类
(作为演示目的,我将所有的类型定义在一个文件里,同时每个类都只有少量简单的属性成员)
此处特别注意的是,Order这个类是很复杂的,它包含了一系列的OrderItem,而OrderItem又包含了Product对象。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
namespace DataEntities
{
public class Order
{
public int OrderID { get; set; }
public string CustomerID { get; set; }
public int EmployeeID { get; set; }
public DateTime OrderDate { get; set; }
public List
OrderItems { get; set; }
public
override
string ToString()
{
StringBuilder sb =
new StringBuilder();
sb.AppendFormat(
"/t{0}/t{1}/t{2}/t{3}", OrderID, CustomerID, EmployeeID, OrderDate);
sb.AppendLine();
foreach (var item
in OrderItems)
{
sb.AppendFormat(
"/t/t{0}/t{1}/t{2}/n", item.Product.ProductName, item.UnitPrice, item.Quantity);
}
return sb.ToString();
}
}
public
class OrderItem
{
public
int OrderId { get; set; }
public Product Product { get; set; }
public
decimal UnitPrice { get; set; }
public
decimal Quantity { get; set; }
}
public
class Product
{
public
int ProductId { get; set; }
public
string ProductName { get; set; }
}
}
第二部分:生成XSD的工具类(Utility.cs)
using System;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Collections;
using System.Xml;
namespace XMLDatabase
{
public class Utility
{
///
/// 使用指定类型生成一个架构文件
///
///
public static void XsdGenerate
(XmlWriter xw) {
Type t =
typeof(T);
XNamespace xn =
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema";
XDocument doc =
new XDocument(
new XDeclaration(
"1.0",
"utf-8",
"yes"),
new XElement(xn +
"schema",
new XAttribute(
"elementFormDefault",
"qualified"),
new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns +
"xs",
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"),
new XElement(xn+
"element",
new XAttribute(
"name",
"Table"),
new XAttribute(
"nillable",
"true"),
new XAttribute(
"type",
"Table"))
));
XElement tableElement =
new XElement(xn +
"complexType",
new XAttribute(
"name",
"Table"));
tableElement.Add(
new XElement(xn +
"sequence",
new XElement(xn +
"element",
new XAttribute(
"minOccurs",
"0"),
new XAttribute(
"maxOccurs",
"unbounded"),
new XAttribute(
"name",
"Row"),
new XAttribute(
"type",t.Name)
)),
new XElement(xn +
"attribute",
new XAttribute(
"name",
"CreateTime"),
new XAttribute(
"type",
"xs:string"))
);
doc.Root.Add(tableElement);
CreateComplexType(t, doc.Root);
doc.Save(xw);
}
private
static
void CreateComplexType(Type t,XElement root) {
XNamespace xn = root.GetNamespaceOfPrefix(
"xs");
XElement temp =
new XElement(
xn +
"complexType",
new XAttribute(
"name", t.Name));
#region 循环所有属性
foreach (var p
in t.GetProperties())
//循环所有属性
{
Type pType = p.PropertyType;
string fullType = pType.FullName;
//这里仍然是分几种情况
if (!GeneralType.Contains(fullType))
{
var seqelement = temp.Element(xn +
"sequence");
if (seqelement ==
null)
{
seqelement =
new XElement(xn +
"sequence");
temp.AddFirst(seqelement);
}
if (pType.IsEnum)
//如果是枚举
{
seqelement.Add(
new XElement(
xn +
"element",
new XAttribute(
"minOccurs",
"0"),
new XAttribute(
"maxOccurs",
"1"),
new XAttribute(
"name", p.Name),
new XAttribute(
"type", pType.Name)));
XElement enumElement =
new XElement(
xn +
"complexType",
new XAttribute(
"name", pType.Name),
new XElement(xn +
"attribute",
new XAttribute(
"name",
"Enum"),
new XAttribute(
"type",
"xs:string")));
root.Add(enumElement);
}
else
if (pType.GetInterface(
typeof(IList).FullName) !=
null && pType.IsGenericType)
//如果是集合,并且是泛型集合
{
Type itemType = pType.GetGenericArguments()[0];
seqelement.Add(
new XElement(
xn +
"element",
new XAttribute(
"minOccurs",
"0"),
new XAttribute(
"maxOccurs",
"1"),
new XAttribute(
"name", p.Name),
new XAttribute(
"type",
"ArrayOf"+p.Name)));
XElement arrayElement =
new XElement(
xn +
"complexType",
new XAttribute(
"name",
"ArrayOf" + p.Name),
new XElement(xn +
"sequence",
new XElement(xn +
"element",
new XAttribute(
"minOccurs",
"0"),
new XAttribute(
"maxOccurs",
"unbounded"),
new XAttribute(
"name", itemType.Name),
new XAttribute(
"type", itemType.Name))));
root.Add(arrayElement);
CreateComplexType(itemType, root);
}
else
if (pType.IsClass || pType.IsValueType)
{
seqelement.Add(
new XElement(
xn +
"element",
new XAttribute(
"minOccurs",
"0"),
new XAttribute(
"maxOccurs",
"1"),
new XAttribute(
"name", p.Name),
new XAttribute(
"type", pType.Name)));
CreateComplexType(pType, root);
}
}
else
{
//这种情况最简单,属性为标准内置类型,直接作为元素的Attribute即可
temp.Add(
new XElement(xn +
"attribute",
new XAttribute(
"name", p.Name),
new XAttribute(
"type", GeneralType.ConvertXSDType(pType.FullName))));
}
}
#endregion
temp.Add(
new XElement(xn +
"attribute",
new XAttribute(
"name",
"TypeName"),
new XAttribute(
"type",
"xs:string")));
root.Add(temp);
}
}
}
第三部分:辅助类型(GeneralType.cs).
这个类型中有一个方法可以将业务实体类型成员属性的类型转换为XSD中 的类型。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
namespace XMLDatabase
{
public class GeneralType
{
private static readonly List<string> generalTypes = new List<string>()
{
"System.Byte",//typeof(byte).FullName,
"System.SByte",//typeof(sbyte).FullName,
"System.Int16",//typeof(short).FullName,
"System.UInt16",//typeof(ushort).FullName,
"System.Int32",//typeof(int).FullName,
"System.UInt32",//typeof(uint).FullName,
"System.Int64",//typeof(long).FullName,
"System.UInt64",//typeof(ulong).FullName,
"System.Double",//typeof(double).FullName,
"System.Decimal",//typeof(decimal).FullName,
"System.Single",//typeof(float).FullName,
"System.Char",//typeof(char).FullName,
"System.Boolean",//typeof(bool).FullName,
"System.String",//typeof(string).FullName,
"System.DateTime"//typeof(DateTime).FullName
};
///
/// 判断当前给定类型是否为默认的数据类型
///
///
///
public static bool Contains(string fullType)
{
return generalTypes.Contains(fullType);
}
public static string ConvertXSDType(string fullType)
{
switch (fullType)
{
case "System.String":
return "xs:string";
case "System.Int32":
return "xs:int";
case "System.DateTime":
return "xs:dateTime";
case "System.Boolean":
return "xs:boolean";
case "System.Single":
return "xs:float";
case "System.Byte":
return "xs:byte";
case "System.SByte":
return "xs:unsignedByte";
case "System.Int16":
return "xs:short";
case "System.UInt16":
return "xs:unsignedShort";
case "System.UInt32":
return "xs:unsignedInt";
case "System.Int64":
return "xs:long";
case "System.UInt64":
return "xs:unsignedLong";
case "System.Double":
return "xs:double";
case "System.Decimal":
return "xs:decimal";
default:
break;
}
return string.Empty;
}
}
}
第四部分:单元测试
///
///XsdGenerate 的测试
///
public void XsdGenerateTestHelper
()
{
XmlWriter xw = XmlWriter.Create(
"Order.xsd");
// TODO: 初始化为适当的值
Utility.XsdGenerate
(xw);
xw.Close();
}
第五部分: 生成的结果
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<xs:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xs:element name="Table" nillable="true" type="Table" />
<xs:complexType name="Table">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="Row" type="Order" />
xs:sequence>
<xs:attribute name="CreateTime" type="xs:string" />
xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="ArrayOfOrderItems">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="OrderItem" type="OrderItem" />
xs:sequence>
xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="Product">
<xs:attribute name="ProductId" type="xs:int" />
<xs:attribute name="ProductName" type="xs:string" />
<xs:attribute name="TypeName" type="xs:string" />
xs:complexType> <xs:complexType name="OrderItem"> <xs:sequence> <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Product" type="Product" />
xs:sequence> <xs:attribute name="OrderId" type="xs:int" /> <xs:attribute name="UnitPrice" type="xs:decimal" /> <xs:attribute name="Quantity" type="xs:decimal" /> <xs:attribute name="TypeName" type="xs:string" />
xs:complexType> <xs:complexType name="Order"> <xs:sequence> <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="OrderItems" type="ArrayOfOrderItems" />
xs:sequence> <xs:attribute name="OrderID" type="xs:int" /> <xs:attribute name="CustomerID" type="xs:string" /> <xs:attribute name="EmployeeID" type="xs:int" /> <xs:attribute name="OrderDate" type="xs:dateTime" /> <xs:attribute name="TypeName" type="xs:string" />
xs:complexType>
xs:schema>
第六部分:合法的数据文件范例
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Table Name="Orders" CreateTime="2009/8/9 21:59:04">
<Row TypeName="DataEntities.Order" OrderID="10249" CustomerID="ABCDEF" EmployeeID="1" OrderDate="2009-08-09T21:59:04.125+08:00">
<OrderItems>
<OrderItem TypeName="DataEntities.OrderItem" OrderId="10249" UnitPrice="25" Quantity="4">
<Product TypeName="DataEntities.Product" ProductId="1" ProductName="Pen" />
OrderItem>
<OrderItem TypeName="DataEntities.OrderItem" OrderId="10249" UnitPrice="2" Quantity="2000">
<Product TypeName="DataEntities.Product" ProductId="1" ProductName="Car" />
OrderItem>
OrderItems>
Row>
<Row TypeName="DataEntities.Order" OrderID="10249" CustomerID="ABCDEF" EmployeeID="1" OrderDate="2009-08-10T07:29:51.546875+08:00">
<OrderItems>
<OrderItem TypeName="DataEntities.OrderItem" OrderId="10249" UnitPrice="25" Quantity="4">
<Product TypeName="DataEntities.Product" ProductId="1" ProductName="Pen" />
OrderItem> <OrderItem TypeName="DataEntities.OrderItem" OrderId="10249" UnitPrice="2" Quantity="2000"> <Product TypeName="DataEntities.Product" ProductId="1" ProductName="Car" />
OrderItem>
OrderItems>
Row> <Row TypeName="DataEntities.Order" OrderID="10249" CustomerID="ABCDEF" EmployeeID="1" OrderDate="2009-08-10T07:30:13.375+08:00"> <OrderItems> <OrderItem TypeName="DataEntities.OrderItem" OrderId="10249" UnitPrice="25" Quantity="4"> <Product TypeName="DataEntities.Product" ProductId="1" ProductName="Pen" />
OrderItem> <OrderItem TypeName="DataEntities.OrderItem" OrderId="10249" UnitPrice="2" Quantity="2000"> <Product TypeName="DataEntities.Product" ProductId="1" ProductName="Car" />
OrderItem>
OrderItems>
Row> <Row TypeName="DataEntities.Order" OrderID="10249" CustomerID="ABCDEF" EmployeeID="1" OrderDate="2009-08-10T07:30:43.875+08:00"> <OrderItems> <OrderItem TypeName="DataEntities.OrderItem" OrderId="10249" UnitPrice="25" Quantity="4"> <Product TypeName="DataEntities.Product" ProductId="1" ProductName="Pen" />
OrderItem> <OrderItem TypeName="DataEntities.OrderItem" OrderId="10249" UnitPrice="2" Quantity="2000"> <Product TypeName="DataEntities.Product" ProductId="1" ProductName="Car" />
OrderItem>
OrderItems>
Row>
Table>
本文介绍了一个正在开发的XML数据库功能,能够根据业务实体类型动态创建XSD架构文件,用于约束XML数据文件。通过实例展示了如何处理复杂类型的嵌套。

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