Android自定义View总结（一）基础知识与实例

自定义View是最能体现一个Android开发者水平的技能之一了。

接下来的一些列博客将总结一下Android的自定义相关View知识，包括View的结构，事件体系，工作原理，自定义View的绘制等。

参考资料部分来自于书上以及各种博客。

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手指滑动后，自定义View走到了图示位置：

public class DragView extends View{

    int lastX;
    int lastY;

    public DragView(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public DragView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {

        int x = (int) event.getX();
        int y = (int) event.getY();
        Log.e("触发onTouchEvent",x+"::::::"+y);

        switch (event.getAction()){
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:{
                lastX = x;
                lastY = y;
            }
            break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:{
                int offsetX = x - lastX;
                int offsetY = y - lastY;
                Log.e("触发ACTION_MOVE",offsetX+"::::::"+offsetY);
                layout(getLeft() + offsetX, getTop() + offsetY, getRight() + offsetX, getBottom() + offsetY);
                Log.d("DragView",getLeft()+"______"+getTop()+"-------"+getBottom()+"-------"+getRight());
            }
            break;
        }

        return true;
    }
}

布局：

<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.lian.scrolltest.MainActivity">

    <com.lian.scrolltest.DragView
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:background="#000000"

        />
</RelativeLayout>

ViewConfiguration.get(getContext()).getScaledTouchSlop();

//获取对象
VelocityTracker velocityTracker = VelocityTracker.obtain();
//托管event
velocityTracker.addMovement(event);
//设置时间间隔，结果会表示为每1000毫秒经过多少像素，若设置为100，结果表示为没100毫秒经过多少像素
velocityTracker.computeCurrentVelocity(1000);
//获取X和Y方向上的速度
int xVelicity = (int) velocityTracker.getXVelocity();
int yVelicity = (int) velocityTracker.getYVelocity();

velocityTracker.clear();
velocityTracker.recycle();

//获取对象
GestureDetector gestureDetector = new GestureDetector(this);
//解决长按屏幕后无法拖动的问题
gestureDetector.setIsLongpressEnabled(false);
//托管event
boolean consume = gestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
return consume;

/**
 * Set the scrolled position of your view. This will cause a call to
 * {@link #onScrollChanged(int, int, int, int)} and the view will be
 * invalidated.
 * @param x the x position to scroll to
 * @param y the y position to scroll to
 */
public void scrollTo(int x, int y) {
    if (mScrollX != x || mScrollY != y) {
        int oldX = mScrollX;
        int oldY = mScrollY;
        mScrollX = x;
        mScrollY = y;
        invalidateParentCaches();
        onScrollChanged(mScrollX, mScrollY, oldX, oldY);
        if (!awakenScrollBars()) {
            postInvalidateOnAnimation();
        }
    }
}

/**
 * Move the scrolled position of your view. This will cause a call to
 * {@link #onScrollChanged(int, int, int, int)} and the view will be
 * invalidated.
 * @param x the amount of pixels to scroll by horizontally
 * @param y the amount of pixels to scroll by vertically
 */
public void scrollBy(int x, int y) {
    scrollTo(mScrollX + x, mScrollY + y);
}

点击按钮，View在1秒钟的时间内向右平移200像素

通过如下代码：

Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        dragView.animate().translationX(200).setDuration(1000).start();
    }
});