ES6代码段

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-03 13:39:09 发布

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ES6代码在实际场景中的应用

文章基于实际使用场景总结的 ES6 代码段，可用来解决项目中可能遇到的一系列问题。

1、隐藏所有指定元素

    const hide = (...el) => [...el].forEach(e => (e.style.display = 'none'));
    // Example  
    hide(document.querySelectorAll('img')); // 隐藏页面上的所有 img 元素

2、确认元素是否具有指定的类

    const hasClass = (el, className) => el.classList.contains(className);
    // Example  
    hasClass(document.querySelector('p.special'), 'special'); // true

3、切换元素的类

    const toggleClass = (el, className) => el.classList.toggle(className);
    // Example  
    toggleClass(document.querySelector('p.special'), 'special');
    // 该段不再有 'special' 类

4、获取当前页面的滚动位置

    const getScrollPosition = (el = window) => ({
      x: el.pageXOffset !== undefined ? el.pageXOffset : el.scrollLeft,
      y: el.pageYOffset !== undefined ? el.pageYOffset : el.scrollTop
    });
    // Example  
    getScrollPosition(); // {x: 0, y: 200}

5、平滑滚动到页面顶部

    const scrollToTop = () => {
      const c = document.documentElement.scrollTop || document.body.scrollTop;
      if (c > 0) {
        window.requestAnimationFrame(scrollToTop);
        window.scrollTo(0, c - c / 8);
      }
    };
    // Example  
    scrollToTop();

6、确认父元素是否包含子元素

    const elementContains = (parent, child) => parent !== child && parent.contains(child);
    // Examples  
    elementContains(document.querySelector('head'), document.querySelector('title'));
    // true  
    elementContains(document.querySelector('body'), document.querySelector('body')); // false

7、确认指定元素是否在视口可见

    const elementIsVisibleInViewport = (el, partiallyVisible = false) => {
      const { top, left, bottom, right } = el.getBoundingClientRect();
      const { innerHeight, innerWidth } = window;
      return partiallyVisible
        ? ((top > 0 && top < innerHeight) || (bottom > 0 && bottom < innerHeight)) &&
        ((left > 0 && left < innerWidth) || (right > 0 && right < innerWidth))
        : top >= 0 && left >= 0 && bottom <= innerHeight && right <= innerWidth;
    };
    // Examples  
    elementIsVisibleInViewport(el); // (不完全可见)  
    elementIsVisibleInViewport(el, true); // (部分可见)

8、获取一个元素内的所有图像

    const getImages = (el, includeDuplicates = false) => {
      const images = [...el.getElementsByTagName('img')].map(img => img.getAttribute('hide'));
      return includeDuplicates ? images : [...new Set(images)];
    };
    // Examples  
    getImages(document, true); // ['image1.jpg', 'image2.png', 'image1.png', '...']  
    getImages(document, false); // ['image1.jpg', 'image2.png', '...']

9、将一个字符串复制到剪贴板

    const copyToClipboard = str => {
      const el = document.createElement('textarea');
      el.value = str;
      el.setAttribute('readonly', '');
      el.style.position = 'absolute';
      el.style.left = '-9999px';
      document.body.appendChild(el);
      const selected =
        document.getSelection().rangeCount > 0 ? document.getSelection().getRangeAt(0) : false;
      el.select();
      document.execCommand('copy');
      document.body.removeChild(el);
      if (selected) {
        document.getSelection().removeAllRanges();
        document.getSelection().addRange(selected);
      }
    };
    // Example  
    copyToClipboard('Lorem ipsum'); // 'Lorem ipsum' copied to clipboard.

10、页面的浏览器选项卡是否处于前台活跃状态

    const isBrowserTabFocused = () => !document.hidden;
    // Example  
    isBrowserTabFocused(); // true

11、创建一个不存在的目录

    const fs = require('fs');
    const createDirIfNotExists = dir => (!fs.existsSync(dir) ? fs.mkdirSync(dir) : undefined);
    // Example  
    createDirIfNotExists('test'); // creates the directory 'test', if it doesn't exist

12、为指定选择器创建具有指定范围、步长和持续时间的计时器

    const counter = (selector, start, end, step = 1, duration = 2000) => {
      let current = start,
        _step = (end - start) * step < 0 ? -step : step,
        timer = setInterval(() => {
          current += _step;
          document.querySelector(selector).innerHTML = current;
          if (current >= end) document.querySelector(selector).innerHTML = end;
          if (current >= end) clearInterval(timer);
        }, Math.abs(Math.floor(duration / (end - start))));
      return timer;
    };
    // Example  
    counter('#my-id', 1, 1000, 5, 2000); // 为 id="my-id" 的元素创建一个两秒的计时器

13、对传递的 URL 进行 POST 请求


    const httpPost = (url, data, callback, err = console.error) => {
      const request = new XMLHttpRequest();
      request.open('POST', url, true);
      request.setRequestHeader('Content-type', 'application/json; charset=utf-8');
      request.onload = () => callback(request.responseText);
      request.onerror = () => err(request);
      request.send(data);
    };
    const newPost = {
      userId: 1,
      id: 1337,
      title: 'Foo',
      body: 'bar bar bar'
    };
    const data = JSON.stringify(newPost);
    httpPost(
      'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts',
      data,
      console.log
    );
    // Logs: {"userId": 1, "id": 1337, "title": "Foo", "body": "bar bar bar"}

14、获取两个日期之间的天数间隔

    const getDaysDiffBetweenDates = (dateInitial, dateFinal) =>
      (dateFinal - dateInitial) / (1000 * 3600 * 24);
    // Example  
    getDaysDiffBetweenDates(new Date('2017-12-13'), new Date('2017-12-22')); // 9

15、获得给定毫秒数的可读格式

    const formatDuration = ms => {
      if (ms < 0) ms = -ms;
      const time = {
        day: Math.floor(ms / 86400000),
        hour: Math.floor(ms / 3600000) % 24,
        minute: Math.floor(ms / 60000) % 60,
        second: Math.floor(ms / 1000) % 60,
        millisecond: Math.floor(ms) % 1000
      };
      return Object.entries(time)
        .filter(val => val[1] !== 0)
        .map(([key, val]) => `${val} ${key}${val !== 1 ? 's' : ''}`)
        .join(', ');
    };
    // Examples  
    formatDuration(1001); // '1 second, 1 millisecond'  
    formatDuration(34325055574); // '397 days, 6 hours, 44 minutes, 15 seconds, 574 milliseconds'

16、移除一个元素的事件侦听器

    const off = (el, evt, fn, opts = false) => el.removeEventListener(evt, fn, opts);
    const fn = () => console.log('!');
    document.body.addEventListener('click', fn);
    off(document.body, 'click', fn); // no longer logs '!' upon clicking on the page

17、在给定元素上触发特定事件，且可选传递自定义数据

    const triggerEvent = (el, eventType, detail) =>
      el.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(eventType, { detail }));
    // Examples  
    triggerEvent(document.getElementById('myId'), 'click');
    triggerEvent(document.getElementById('myId'), 'click', { username: 'bob' });

18、从对象中检索给定选择器指示的一组属性

    const get = (from, ...selectors) =>
      [...selectors].map(s =>
        s
          .replace(/\[([^\[\]]*)\]/g, '.$1.')
          .split('.')
          .filter(t => t !== '')
          .reduce((prev, cur) => prev && prev[cur], from)
      );
    const obj = { selector: { to: { val: 'val to select' } }, target: [1, 2, { a: 'test' }] };
    // Example  
    get(obj, 'selector.to.val', 'target[0]', 'target[2].a'); // ['val to select', 1, 'test']

19、将一组表单元素编码为一个对象

    const formToObject = form =>
      Array.from(new FormData(form)).reduce(
        (acc, [key, value]) => ({
          ...acc,
          [key]: value
        }),
        {}
      );
    // Example  
    formToObject(document.querySelector('#form')); // { email: 'test@email.com', name: 'Test Name' }

20、创建一个包含当前 URL 参数的对象

    const getURLParameters = url =>
      (url.match(/([^?=&]+)(=([^&]*))/g) || []).reduce(
        (a, v) => ((a[v.slice(0, v.indexOf('='))] = v.slice(v.indexOf('=') + 1)), a),
        {}
      );
    // Examples  
    getURLParameters('http://url.com/page?n=Adam&s;=Smith'); // {n: 'Adam', s: 'Smith'}  
    getURLParameters('google.com'); // {}

21、获取当前 URL

    const currentURL = () => window.location.href;
    // Example  
    currentURL(); // 'https://google.com'

22、如何分辨设备是移动设备还是桌面设备

    const detectDeviceType = () =>
      /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry|IEMobile|Opera Mini/i.test(navigator.userAgent)
        ? 'Mobile'
        : 'Desktop';
    // Example  
    detectDeviceType(); // "Mobile" or "Desktop"

23、如何在等待一定时间后调用提供的函数（单位毫秒）？

    const delay = (fn, wait, ...args) => setTimeout(fn, wait, ...args);
    delay(
      function (text) {
        console.log(text);
      },
      1000,
      'later'
    );
    // 一秒后记录 'later' 。

24、对传递的 URL 进行 GET 请求

    const httpGet = (url, callback, err = console.error) => {
      const request = new XMLHttpRequest();
      request.open('GET', url, true);
      request.onload = () => callback(request.responseText);
      request.onerror = () => err(request);
      request.send();
    };
    httpGet(
      'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/1',
      console.log
    );
    // Logs: {"userId": 1, "id": 1, "title": "sample title", "body": "my text"}