基本tcp套接字编程

最新推荐文章于 2026-05-03 13:19:48 发布

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本文介绍了一个简单的TCP回显服务的实现过程，包括服务器端和客户端的代码示例。服务器能够接收来自客户端的消息并原样返回。通过该示例可以了解基本的socket编程和进程管理。

服务器端:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include "common.h"

#define SERV_PORT 9877
#define SA  struct sockaddr
#define LISTENQ 1024
#define MAXLINE 4096

void str_echo(int sockfd)
{
    ssize_t n;
    char    buf[MAXLINE];

again:
    while((n = read(sockfd, buf, MAXLINE)) > 0)
    {
        writen(sockfd, buf, n);
    }
    if(n < 0 && errno == EINTR)
        goto again;
    else if(n < 0)
        printf("str_echo: read error");
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    int listenfd, connfd;
    pid_t   childpid;
    socklen_t clilen;
    struct sockaddr_in cliaddr, servaddr;
    
    listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

    bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);

    bind(listenfd, (SA*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));

    listen(listenfd, LISTENQ);

    for( ; ;)
    {
        clilen = sizeof(cliaddr);
        connfd = accept(listenfd, (SA*)&cliaddr, &clilen);
        if((childpid = fork()) == 0)
        {
            close(listenfd);
            str_echo(connfd);
            exit(0);
        }
        close(connfd);
    }
    return 0;
}

客户端：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include "common.h"

#define SERV_PORT 9877
#define SA struct sockaddr
#define MAXLINE 4096

void str_cli(FILE* fp, int sockfd)
{
    char    sendline[MAXLINE], recvline[MAXLINE];

    while(fgets(sendline, MAXLINE, fp) != NULL)
    {
        writen(sockfd, sendline, strlen(sendline));

        if(readline(sockfd, recvline, MAXLINE) == 0)
        {
            printf("strcli: server terminated prematurely");
        }
        fputs(recvline, stdout);
    }
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    int sockfd;
    struct sockaddr_in servaddr;

    if(argc != 2)
    {
        printf("usage: tcpcli <IPaddress>");
    }

    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    
    bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);

    inet_pton(AF_INET, argv[1], &servaddr.sin_addr);

    connect(sockfd, (SA*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));

    str_cli(stdin, sockfd);

    return 0;
}

公告函数：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>

ssize_t writen(int fd, const void* vptr, size_t n)
{
    size_t nleft;
    ssize_t nwritten;
    const char* ptr;

    ptr = vptr;
    nleft = n;

    while(nleft > 0)
    {
        if((nwritten = write(fd, ptr, nleft)) <= 0)
        {
            if(nwritten < 0 && errno == EINTR)
            {
                nwritten = 0;
            }
            else
            {
                return -1;
            }
        }
        nleft -= nwritten;
        ptr += nwritten;
    }
    return (n);
}

ssize_t readline(int fd, void *vptr, size_t maxlen)
{
    ssize_t n, rc;
    char    c, *ptr;

    ptr = vptr;

    for(n = 1; n < maxlen; n++)
    {
again:
        if((rc = read(fd, &c, 1)) == 1)
        {
            *ptr++ = c;
            if(c == '\n')
            {
                break;
            }
            else if(c == 0)
            {
                *ptr = 0;
                return (n -1);
            }
            else
            {
                if(errno == EINTR)
                {
                    goto again;
                }
                return -1;
            }
        }
    }
        
    *ptr = 0;
    return(n);
}