ExoPlayer 源码阅读小记--HLS播放带缓存加载M3U8文件过程

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已于 2023-08-04 10:56:58 修改 · 3.8k 阅读

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#android #exoplayer #播放器 #源码

于 2022-05-23 11:11:31 首次发布

本文详细分析了基于ExoPlayer 2.17.1的HLS流媒体播放过程，从创建HlsMediaSource到解析m3u8清单，再到加载和解析ts切片。通过跟踪代码，揭示了数据加载、缓存处理、播放列表管理及MediaSource、MediaPeriod和Renderer之间的交互机制，深入理解HLS播放的内部工作原理。

基于ExoPlayer 2.17.1源码分析，基本是一边看一边写的流水账，记录下防止以后忘了：

第一步createMediaSource创建HlsMediaSource对象时同时会实例化出HlsPlaylistTracker.Factory

mediaSource = new HlsMediaSource.Factory(getDataSourceFactoryCache(mAppContext, cacheEnable, preview, cacheDir, uerAgent))
                    .setAllowChunklessPreparation(true)
                    .setPlaylistParserFactory(new HlsPlaylistParserFactory())
                    .createMediaSource(mediaItem);

    public HlsMediaSource createMediaSource(MediaItem mediaItem) {
   
   
      checkNotNull(mediaItem.localConfiguration);
      HlsPlaylistParserFactory playlistParserFactory = this.playlistParserFactory;
      List<StreamKey> streamKeys = mediaItem.localConfiguration.streamKeys;
      if (!streamKeys.isEmpty()) {
   
   
        playlistParserFactory =
            new FilteringHlsPlaylistParserFactory(playlistParserFactory, streamKeys);
      }

      return new HlsMediaSource(
          mediaItem,
          hlsDataSourceFactory,
          extractorFactory,
          compositeSequenceableLoaderFactory,
          drmSessionManagerProvider.get(mediaItem),
          loadErrorHandlingPolicy,
          playlistTrackerFactory.createTracker(
              hlsDataSourceFactory, loadErrorHandlingPolicy, playlistParserFactory),//实例化TrackerFactory
          elapsedRealTimeOffsetMs,
          allowChunklessPreparation,
          metadataType,
          useSessionKeys);
    }

第二步调用prepare(),在准备阶段将m3u8文件下载并解析

     player.prepare();

//ExoPlayerImpl
public void prepare() {
   
   
   ....
    internalPlayer.prepare();
   ......
  }

//ExoPlayerImplInternal
  private void prepareInternal() {
   
   
   ....
    mediaSourceList.prepare(bandwidthMeter.getTransferListener());
  ....
  }

//MediaSourceList
  public void prepare(@Nullable TransferListener mediaTransferListener) {
   
   
    ....
    for (int i = 0; i < mediaSourceHolders.size(); i++) {
   
   
      MediaSourceHolder mediaSourceHolder = mediaSourceHolders.get(i);
      prepareChildSource(mediaSourceHolder);
      enabledMediaSourceHolders.add(mediaSourceHolder);
    }
    ....
  }
  
  private void prepareChildSource(MediaSourceHolder holder) {
   
   
   .....
    mediaSource.prepareSource(caller, mediaTransferListener, playerId);
  }

//BaseMediaSource
public final void prepareSource(
      MediaSourceCaller caller,
      @Nullable TransferListener mediaTransferListener,
      PlayerId playerId) {
   
   
   ....
      prepareSourceInternal(mediaTransferListener);
  ....
  }

//HlsMediaSource
protected void prepareSourceInternal(@Nullable TransferListener mediaTransferListener) {
   
   
....
    playlistTracker.start(
        localConfiguration.uri, eventDispatcher, /* primaryPlaylistListener= */ this);
  }

到这里使用HlsPlaylistTracker，这个类主要是管理播放列表（控制加载解析流程）,主列表叫primary playlist,另外该类还能获取当前播放的列表快照，该类入口就在这个start方法

//DefaultHlsPlaylistTracker
public void start(
      Uri initialPlaylistUri,
      EventDispatcher eventDispatcher,
      PrimaryPlaylistListener primaryPlaylistListener) {
   
   
   ....
    ParsingLoadable<HlsPlaylist> multivariantPlaylistLoadable =
        new ParsingLoadable<>(
            dataSourceFactory.createDataSource(C.DATA_TYPE_MANIFEST),
            initialPlaylistUri,
            C.DATA_TYPE_MANIFEST,
            playlistParserFactory.createPlaylistParser());
    Assertions.checkState(initialPlaylistLoader == null);
    initialPlaylistLoader = new Loader("DefaultHlsPlaylistTracker:MultivariantPlaylist");//创建m3u8文件的网络加载解析线程
    long elapsedRealtime =
        initialPlaylistLoader.startLoading(
            multivariantPlaylistLoadable,
            this,
            loadErrorHandlingPolicy.getMinimumLoadableRetryCount(
                multivariantPlaylistLoadable.type));
   .....
  }

ParsingLoadable主要代码就这个方法，先通过DataSource获取需要加载的文件流，将文件流传入解析器解析，这里说下DataSourceInputStream本质是InputStream子类，但是里面包含一个datasSource和dataSpec，datasSource可以理解为数据源访问工具（如网络数据源访问Okhttp）获取到数据流后会将流保存在datasSource以供读取，dataSpec用来标记当前数据范围，里面还封装了读取数据的方式参数（如http请求url和header）

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