Boost::ublas::vector 解析

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本文详细介绍了Boost库中的ublas::vector类，包括其基本概念、模板参数、模型、类型需求以及公共基类。此外，还分别讨论了Unit Vector、Zero Vector和Scalar Vector的特性和用法，提供了示例代码帮助理解。

1 Vector

1.1 Description

The templated class vector<T, A> is the basecontainer adaptor for dense vectors. For an-dimensionalvector and 0 <= i < n every elementv_i is mapped to thei-thelement of the container.

1.2 Example

#include <boost/numeric/ublas/vector.hpp>  //生成一般的向量，其内置类型的值为0，在默认的情况下
#include <boost/numeric/ublas/io.hpp>

int main () {
    using namespace boost::numeric::ublas;
    vector<double> v (3);
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < v.size (); ++ i)
        v (i) = i;
    std::cout << v << std::endl;
}

1.3 Definition

Defined in the header vector.hpp.

1.4 Template parameters

Parameter	Description	Default
`T`	The type of object stored in the vector.
`A`	The type of the Storage array. [1]	`unbounded_array<T>`

1.5 Model of

Vector,RandomAccessContainer

1.6 Type requirements

None, except for those imposed by the requirements of Vectorand RandomAccessContainer.

1.7 Public base classes

vector_container<vector<T, A> >

1.8 Members

Member	Where defined	Description
`value_type`	VectorExpression
`reference`	VectorExpression
`const_reference`	VectorExpression
`size_type`	VectorExpression
`difference_type`	VectorExpression
`const_iterator`	VectorExpression
`iterator`	VectorExpression
`const_reverse_iterator`	VectorExpression
`reverse_iterator`	VectorExpression
`array_type`	Vector
`vector ()`	VectorExpression	Allocates an uninitialized `vector` that holds zeroelements.
`vector (size_type size)`	Vector	Allocates an uninitialized `vector` that holds`size` elements.
`vector (const vector &v)`		The copy constructor.
`template<class AE> vector (const vector_expression<AE> &ae)`		The extended copy constructor.
`void resize (size_type size, bool preserve =true)`	Vector	Reallocates a `vector` to hold `size`elements. The existing elements of the`vector` arepreseved when specified.
`size_type size () const`	VectorExpression	Returns the size of the `vector`.
`size_type max_size () const`	RandomAccessContainer	Returns the upper bound on the size of the `vector`.
`bool empty () const`	RandomAccessContainer	Equivilent to `size () == 0`.
`const array_type& data () const`	Vector
`array_type& data ()`	Vector
`const_reference operator () (size_type i)const`	VectorExpression	Returns a `const` reference of the `i`-th element.
`reference operator () (size_type i)`	VectorExpression	Returns a reference of the `i`-th element.
`const_reference operator [] (size_type i) const`	Vector	Returns a `const` reference of the `i`-th element.
`reference operator [] (size_type i)`	Vector	Returns a reference of the `i`-th element.
`vector &operator = (const vector &v)`	VectorExpression	The assignment operator.
`vector &assign_temporary (vector &v)`	VectorExpression	Assigns a temporary. May change the vector `v`.
`template<class AE> vector &operator = (const vector_expression<AE>&ae)`	VectorExpression	The extended assignment operator.
`template<class AE> vector &assign (const vector_expression<AE>&ae)`	VectorExpression	Assigns a vector expression to the vector. Left and right handside of the assignment should be independent.
`template<class AE> vector &operator += (const vector_expression<AE>&ae)`	VectorExpression	A computed assignment operator. Adds the vector expression tothe vector.
`template<class AE> vector &plus_assign (const vector_expression<AE>&ae)`	VectorExpression	Adds a vector expression to the vector. Left and right handside of the assignment should be independent.
`template<class AE> vector &operator -= (const vector_expression<AE>&ae)`	VectorExpression	A computed assignment operator. Subtracts the vector expressionfrom the vector.
`template<class AE> vector &minus_assign (const vector_expression<AE>&ae)`	VectorExpression	Subtracts a vector expression from the vector. Left and righthand side of the assignment should be independent.
`template<class AT> vector &operator *= (const AT &at)`	VectorExpression	A computed assignment operator. Multiplies the vector with ascalar.
`template<class AT> vector &operator /= (const AT &at)`	VectorExpression	A computed assignment operator. Divides the vector through ascalar.
`void swap (vector &v)`	VectorExpression	Swaps the contents of the vectors.
`void insert_element (size_type i, const_reference t)`	Vector	Inserts the value `t` at the `i`-thelement.
`void erase_element (size_type i)`	Vector	Erases the value at the `i`-th element.
`void clear ()`	Vector	Clears the vector.
`const_iterator begin () const`	VectorExpression	Returns a `const_iterator` pointing to the beginningof the `vector`.
`const_iterator end () const`	VectorExpression	Returns a `const_iterator` pointing to the end ofthe `vector`.
`iterator begin ()`	VectorExpression	Returns a `iterator` pointing to the beginning ofthe `vector`.
`iterator end ()`	VectorExpression	Returns a `iterator` pointing to the end of the`vector`.
`const_reverse_iterator rbegin () const`	VectorExpression	Returns a `const_reverse_iterator` pointing to thebeginning of the reversed`vector`.
`const_reverse_iterator rend () const`	VectorExpression	Returns a `const_reverse_iterator` pointing to theend of the reversed`vector`.
`reverse_iterator rbegin ()`	VectorExpression	Returns a `reverse_iterator` pointing to thebeginning of the reversed`vector`.
`reverse_iterator rend ()`	VectorExpression	Returns a `reverse_iterator` pointing to the end ofthe reversed `vector`.

1.9 Notes

[1] Common parametersfor the Storage array are unbounded_array<T> ,bounded_array<T> andstd::vector<T> .

2 Unit Vector

2.1 Description

The templated class unit_vector<T, ALLOC> representscanonical unit vectors. For thek-thn-dimensional canonical unit vector and 0 <= i <n holdsu^k_i= 0, if i <> k, andu^k_i=1.

2.2 Example

#include <boost/numeric/ublas/vector.hpp> //单位向量，其k个不同的维度，只能有一个维度的值为1，其余为零。是构成单位矩阵的元素
#include <boost/numeric/ublas/io.hpp>

int main () {
    using namespace boost::numeric::ublas;
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++ i) {
        unit_vector<double> v (3, i);
        std::cout << v << std::endl;
    }
}

2.3 Definition

Defined in the header vector.hpp.

2.4 Template parameters

Parameter	Description	Default
`T`	The type of object stored in the vector.	`int`
`ALLOC`	An STL Allocator for size_type and difference_type.	std::allocator

2.5 Model of

Vector .

2.6 Type requirements

None, except for those imposed by the requirements ofVector .

2.7 Public base classes

vector_container<unit_vector<T> >

2.8 Members

Member	Description
`unit_vector ()`	Constructs an `unit_vector` that holds zeroelements.
`unit_vector (size_type size, size_type index)`	Constructs the `index`-th `unit_vector`that holds `size` elements.
`unit_vector (const unit_vector &v)`	The copy constructor.
`void resize (size_type size, bool preserve =true)`	Resizes a `unit_vector` to hold `size`elements. Therefore the existing elements of the`unit_vector` are always preseved.
`size_type size () const`	Returns the size of the `unit_vector`.
`size_type index () const`	Returns the index of the `unit_vector`.
`const_reference operator () (size_type i)const`	Returns the value of the `i`-th element.
`const_reference operator [] (size_type i)const`	Returns the value of the `i`-th element.
`unit_vector &operator = (const unit_vector&v)`	The assignment operator.
`unit_vector &assign_temporary (unit_vector&v)`	Assigns a temporary. May change the unit vector `v`.
`void swap (unit_vector &v)`	Swaps the contents of the unit vectors.
`const_iterator begin () const`	Returns a `const_iterator` pointing to the beginningof the `unit_vector`.
`const_iterator end () const`	Returns a `const_iterator` pointing to the end ofthe `unit_vector`.
`const_reverse_iterator rbegin () const`	Returns a `const_reverse_iterator` pointing to thebeginning of the reversed`unit_vector`.
`const_reverse_iterator rend () const`	Returns a `const_reverse_iterator` pointing to theend of the reversed`unit_vector`.

3 Zero Vector

3.1 Description

The templated class zero_vector<T, ALLOC> representszero vectors. For an-dimensional zero vector and 0<= i < n holds z_i=0.

3.2 Example

#include <boost/numeric/ublas/vector.hpp> //零向量，不用解释
#include <boost/numeric/ublas/io.hpp>

int main () {
    using namespace boost::numeric::ublas;
    zero_vector<double> v (3);
    std::cout << v << std::endl;
}

3.3 Definition

Defined in the header vector.hpp.

3.4 Template parameters

Parameter	Description	Default
`T`	The type of object stored in the vector.	`int`
`ALLOC`	An STL Allocator for size_type and difference_type.	std::allocator

3.5 Model of

Vector .

3.6 Type requirements

None, except for those imposed by the requirements ofVector .

3.7 Public base classes

vector_container<zero_vector<T> >

3.8 Members

Member	Description
`zero_vector ()`	Constructs a `zero_vector` that holds zeroelements.
`zero_vector (size_type size)`	Constructs a `zero_vector` that holds`size` elements.
`zero_vector (const zero_vector &v)`	The copy constructor.
`void resize (size_type size, bool preserve =true)`	Resizes a `zero_vector` to hold `size`elements. Therefore the existing elements of the`zero_vector` are always preseved.
`size_type size () const`	Returns the size of the `zero_vector`.
`const_reference operator () (size_type i)const`	Returns the value of the `i`-th element.
`const_reference operator [] (size_type i)const`	Returns the value of the `i`-th element.
`zero_vector &operator = (const zero_vector&v)`	The assignment operator.
`zero_vector &assign_temporary (zero_vector&v)`	Assigns a temporary. May change the zero vector `v`.
`void swap (zero_vector &v)`	Swaps the contents of the zero vectors.
`const_iterator begin () const`	Returns a `const_iterator` pointing to the beginningof the `zero_vector`.
`const_iterator end () const`	Returns a `const_iterator` pointing to the end ofthe `zero_vector`.
`const_reverse_iterator rbegin () const`	Returns a `const_reverse_iterator` pointing to thebeginning of the reversed`zero_vector`.
`const_reverse_iterator rend () const`	Returns a `const_reverse_iterator` pointing to theend of the reversed`zero_vector`.

4 Scalar Vector

4.1 Description

The templated class scalar_vector<T, ALLOC>represents scalar vectors. For an-dimensional scalarvector and 0 <= i < n holdsz_i= s.

4.2 Example

#include <boost/numeric/ublas/vector.hpp>  //标量向量，其元素的各个值全部为1
#include <boost/numeric/ublas/io.hpp>

int main () {
    using namespace boost::numeric::ublas;
    scalar_vector<double> v (3);
    std::cout << v << std::endl;
}

4.3 Definition

Defined in the header vector.hpp.

4.4 Template parameters

Parameter	Description	Default
`T`	The type of object stored in the vector.	`int`
`ALLOC`	An STL Allocator for size_type and difference_type.	std::allocator

4.5 Model of

Vector .

4.6 Type requirements

None, except for those imposed by the requirements ofVector .

4.7 Public base classes

vector_container<scalar_vector<T>>

4.8 Members

Member	Description
`scalar_vector ()`	Constructs a `scalar_vector` that holds zeroelements.
`scalar_vector (size_type size, const value_type&value)`	Constructs a `scalar_vector` that holds`size` elements each of the specified value.
`scalar_vector (const scalar_vector &v)`	The copy constructor.
`void resize (size_type size, bool preserve =true)`	Resizes a `scalar_vector` to hold `size`elements. Therefore the existing elements of the`scalar_vector` are always preseved.
`size_type size () const`	Returns the size of the `scalar_vector`.
`const_reference operator () (size_type i)const`	Returns the value of the `i`-th element.
`const_reference operator [] (size_type i)const`	Returns the value of the `i`-th element.
`scalar_vector &operator = (const scalar_vector&v)`	The assignment operator.
`scalar_vector &assign_temporary (scalar_vector&v)`	Assigns a temporary. May change the scalar vector`v` .
`void swap (scalar_vector &v)`	Swaps the contents of the scalar vectors.
`const_iterator begin () const`	Returns a `const_iterator` pointing to the beginningof the `scalar_vector`.
`const_iterator end () const`	Returns a `const_iterator` pointing to the end ofthe `scalar_vector`.
`const_reverse_iterator rbegin () const`	Returns a `const_reverse_iterator` pointing to thebeginning of the reversed`scalar_vector`.
`const_reverse_iterator rend () const`	Returns a `const_reverse_iterator` pointing to theend of the reversed`scalar_vector`.