mongodb——数据库增删改查

利用dos命令操作mongodb数据库

1.需要在系统环境变量中配置好mongodb下的bin路径，配置再path里

2.正式开始启用mongdb数据表时，需要先启动mongdb服务，跟启动mysql服务一个道理

3.开启mongod服务，在mongdb的bin路径下输入以下命令：

C:\Users\Administrator>cd  e:\MongoDB\mongodb-win32-x86_64-2.6.6/bin


C:\Users\Administrator>e:


e:\MongoDB\mongodb-win32-x86_64-2.6.6\bin>mongod --dbpath e:\MongoDB\mongodb-win
32-x86_64-2.6.6\data\db
2017-07-04T10:32:47.162+0800 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=2080 port=27
017 dbpath=e:\MongoDB\mongodb-win32-x86_64-2.6.6\data\db 64-bit host=USER-201702
16BV
2017-07-04T10:32:47.162+0800 [initandlisten] targetMinOS: Windows Server 2003 SP
2
2017-07-04T10:32:47.162+0800 [initandlisten] db version v2.6.6
2017-07-04T10:32:47.162+0800 [initandlisten] git version: 608e8bc319627693b04cc7
da29ecc300a5f45a1f
2017-07-04T10:32:47.162+0800 [initandlisten] build info: windows sys.getwindowsv
ersion(major=6, minor=1, build=7601, platform=2, service_pack='Service Pack 1')
BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_49
2017-07-04T10:32:47.172+0800 [initandlisten] allocator: system
2017-07-04T10:32:47.172+0800 [initandlisten] options: { storage: { dbPath: "e:\M
ongoDB\mongodb-win32-x86_64-2.6.6\data\db" } }
2017-07-04T10:32:47.172+0800 [initandlisten] journal dir=e:\MongoDB\mongodb-win3

就是在bin路径下输入：mongod --dbpath （创建的db路径）

这个dos窗口就是启动的mongod服务，不能关闭，关闭后服务就断开了。

这个时候网页中输入：localhost:27017就会出现下面这个，表示服务开启成功，否则失败

It looks like you are trying to access MongoDB over HTTP on the native driver port.

4.然后新启动一个dos窗口，这个窗口就可以用来正式操作mongodb数据库了

5.新建一个自己的数据库：语法-》use [数据表名]

> use demo
switched to db demo

6.往test中添加一条数据：db.[documentName].insert({json字符串})

> db.test.insert({name:"zhangsan",age:4})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })

7.查询一条数据，查询所有数据，查询第一条数据，根据条件查询数据

语法：db.[documentName].find(query,projection),两个参数都是可选

db.[documentName].find()：查询所有

db.[documentName].findOne()：查询第一条数据

db.[documentName].findOne({"age":"4"})：只查询age等于4的第一条数据

db.[documentName].find({"name":"zhangsan"}):查询name等于张三的数据

db.[documentName].find({"name":"zhangsan","age":4})查询name等于张三并且age等于4的数据

> db.test.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("595b00d5433fef7d6b6f441f"), "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 4 }


> db.test.findOne()
{
        "_id" : ObjectId("595b00d5433fef7d6b6f441f"),
        "name" : "zhangsan",
        "age" : 4
}
> db.test.find({"name":"zhangsan"})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("595b00d5433fef7d6b6f441f"), "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 4 }


> db.test.find({"name":"zhangsan","age":4})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("595b00d5433fef7d6b6f441f"), "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 4 }

8.修改数据：先查询在修改$set:{json语句}：语法-》db.[documentName].update({json查询语句},{$set:{json修改语句}});

> db.test.update({name:zhangsan},{$set:{name:lisi}})
2017-07-04T10:55:35.336+0800 ReferenceError: zhangsan is not defined
> db.test.update({"name":"zhangsan"},{$set:{"name":"lisi"}})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })

9.删除数据：先查询在删除：db.[documentName].remove({json删除语句})

>db.test.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("595b00d5433fef7d6b6f441f"), "name" : "lisi", "age" : 4 }
> db.test.remove({"name":"lisi"})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })

下面的db.test表示数据表，对数据表的一系列操作

> db.test.help()
DBCollection help
        db.test.find().help() - show DBCursor help
        db.test.count()
        db.test.copyTo(newColl) - duplicates collection by copying all documents
 to newColl; no indexes are copied.
        db.test.convertToCapped(maxBytes) - calls {convertToCapped:'test', size:
maxBytes}} command
        db.test.dataSize()
        db.test.distinct( key ) - e.g. db.test.distinct( 'x' )
        db.test.drop() drop the collection
        db.test.dropIndex(index) - e.g. db.test.dropIndex( "indexName" ) or db.t
est.dropIndex( { "indexKey" : 1 } )
        db.test.dropIndexes()
        db.test.ensureIndex(keypattern[,options]) - options is an object with th
ese possible fields: name, unique, dropDups
        db.test.reIndex()
        db.test.find([query],[fields]) - query is an optional query filter. fiel
ds is optional set of fields to return.
                                                      e.g. db.test.find( {x:77}
, {name:1, x:1} )
        db.test.find(...).count()
        db.test.find(...).limit(n)
        db.test.find(...).skip(n)
        db.test.find(...).sort(...)
        db.test.findOne([query])
        db.test.findAndModify( { update : ... , remove : bool [, query: {}, sort
: {}, 'new': false] } )
        db.test.getDB() get DB object associated with collection
        db.test.getPlanCache() get query plan cache associated with collection
        db.test.getIndexes()
        db.test.group( { key : ..., initial: ..., reduce : ...[, cond: ...] } )
        db.test.insert(obj)
        db.test.mapReduce( mapFunction , reduceFunction , <optional params> )
        db.test.aggregate( [pipeline], <optional params> ) - performs an aggrega
tion on a collection; returns a cursor
        db.test.remove(query)
        db.test.renameCollection( newName , <dropTarget> ) renames the collectio
n.
        db.test.runCommand( name , <options> ) runs a db command with the given
name where the first param is the collection name
        db.test.save(obj)
        db.test.stats()
        db.test.storageSize() - includes free space allocated to this collection


        db.test.totalIndexSize() - size in bytes of all the indexes
        db.test.totalSize() - storage allocated for all data and indexes
        db.test.update(query, object[, upsert_bool, multi_bool]) - instead of tw
o flags, you can pass an object with fields: upsert, multi
        db.test.validate( <full> ) - SLOW
        db.test.getShardVersion() - only for use with sharding
        db.test.getShardDistribution() - prints statistics about data distributi
on in the cluster
        db.test.getSplitKeysForChunks( <maxChunkSize> ) - calculates split point
s over all chunks and returns splitter function
        db.test.getWriteConcern() - returns the write concern used for any opera
tions on this collection, inherited from server/db if set
        db.test.setWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - sets the write concern
for writes to the collection
        db.test.unsetWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - unsets the write conc
ern for writes to the collection