使用NPOI 实现从Excel读入数据到DataTable(C#) 前台后台

本文介绍如何使用NPOI库在C#中将Excel文件的数据读取到DataTable,并展示了完整的代码示例,包括处理日期格式及文件上传。

 使用NPOI实现从Excel读入数据到DataTable(C#) 

需要注意:当需要在表单内上传文件时(二进制流数据)时,就需要使用multipart/form-data 编码方式。

excel的时间设置为常规就会转为数字,数字与1900年1月1日计算差值

日期1常规1日期2常规2
2018/10/12433851900/1/11

DateTime.FromOADate(numericValue).ToString("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss", System.Globalization.DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo);

 

.cshtml

<table>
    <tr>
        <td>Excel读入</td>
        <td style="margin-left:20px;" nowrap>
            <form id="form1" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" action="/Test/TestExcelRead">
                <input type="file" name="fileExcel" id="fileExcel" style="width:500px;" accept="application/vnd.ms-excel,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet" size="50" />
                &nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="submit" style="width:100px;" value="读入" />
            </form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>

C#

TestController.java

        /// <summary>
        /// Excel读入
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public ActionResult TestExcelRead(TestExcelModel model)
        {
                HttpFileCollection _file = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.Files;
                DataTable dt = null;
                if (_file.Count == 0)
                {
                    //错误处理
                }
                else
                {
                    long size = _file[0].ContentLength; //文件大小
                    string type = _file[0].ContentType; //文件类型
                    string name = _file[0].FileName; //文件名
                    string _tp = Path.GetExtension(name);//文件扩展名
                    Stream stream = _file[0].InputStream;
                    string fileName = "";
                    string sheetName = "";
                    if (_tp.ToLower() != ".xls" && _tp.ToLower() != ".xlsx")
                    {
                        //错误处理
                    }
                    else
                    {
                       try
                        {
                            //必须列
                            List<string> mustColumns = new List<string>();
                            mustColumns.Add("COLUMN_NAME_1");
                            mustColumns.Add("COLUMN_NAME_2");
							mustColumns.Add("COLUMN_NAME_3");
                            //必须列是否有的字典
                            Dictionary<string, bool> mustColumnDic;
                            //日期类型的列
                            List<string> dateCellNameList = new List<string>();
                            dateCellNameList.Add("COLUMN_NAME_3");
                            dateCellNameList.Add("COLUMN_NAME_4");

                            dt = ExcelReadUtil.ReadExcelToDataTable(mustColumns, out mustColumnDic, dateCellNameList, stream, fileName, sheetName, true);
                            if (mustColumnDic.ContainsValue(false))
                            {
                                //错误处理
                            }
                        }
                        catch
                        {
                            //错误处理
                        }
                        
                    }
                }

                if (dt != null && dt.Rows.Count > 0)
                {
                    List<string> errorList;
                    var dataList = AnalyzeExcelData(dt,out errorList);
                    model.DataList = dataList;
                    if (errorList.Count > 0)
                    {
                        //错误处理
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (dataList.Count == 0)
                        {
                         //关联处理
                        }
                        else
                        {         
                        //关联处理
                        }

                    }
                   
                }
            return View(model);
		}

TestController .java

        /// <summary>
        /// 数据读入
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dt"></param>
        /// <param name="categoryList"></param>
        /// <param name="errorList"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private List<DataInfo> AnalyzeExcelData(DataTable dt, out List<string> errorList)
        {
            var dataInfoList = new List<DataInfo>();
            errorList = new List<string>();
            bool errorFlag = false;
            Dictionary<string, bool> columnHasDic = new Dictionary<string, bool>();
            columnHasDic.Add("COLUMN_NAME_1", false);
            columnHasDic.Add("COLUMN_NAME_2", false);
			columnHasDic.Add("COLUMN_NAME_3", false);
			columnHasDic.Add("COLUMN_NAME_4", false);
            foreach (DataColumn item in dt.Columns)
            {
                if (columnHasDic.ContainsKey(item.ColumnName))
                {
                    columnHasDic[item.ColumnName] = true;
                }
                
            }
            foreach (DataRow items in dt.Rows)
            {
                
                string column1= string.Empty;
                string column2= string.Empty;
                string column3= string.Empty;
                string column4= string.Empty;
                //COLUMN_NAME_1
                if (columnHasDic["COLUMN_NAME_1"])
                {
                    categoryName = items.Field<string>("COLUMN_NAME_1");
                }
                //COLUMN_NAME_2
                if (columnHasDic["COLUMN_NAME_2"])
                {
                    categoryName = items.Field<string>("COLUMN_NAME_2");
                }
				//COLUMN_NAME_3
                if (columnHasDic["COLUMN_NAME_3"])
                {
                    categoryName = items.Field<string>("COLUMN_NAME_3");
                }
				//COLUMN_NAME_4
                if (columnHasDic["COLUMN_NAME_4"])
                {
                    categoryName = items.Field<string>("COLUMN_NAME_4");
                }

                ////全部为空判断
                if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(column1)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(column2)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(column3)
                    && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(column4)
                    )
                {
                    continue;
                }
                //各字段check

                if (errorList.Count > 0)
                {
                    errorFlag = true;
                    dataInfoList.Clear();
                }
                if (!errorFlag)
                {
					var dataInfo = new DataInfo();
                    dataInfoList.Add(c);
                }
                
            }

            return dataInfoList;
        }

Excel 读入工具类 

ExcelWriteUtil.java

using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace Test.Utils
{
    public class ExcelWriteUtil
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 从excel 把数据内容读取到DataTable中
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="mustColumnList">必须的项目列表</param>
        /// <param name="mustColumnDict">out 必須项目列表状況的字典</param>
        /// <param name="dateCellNames">日期项目列表</param>
        /// <param name="stream">数据流</param>
        /// <param name="fileName">文件路径</param>
        /// <param name="sheetName">指定的sheet名</param>
        /// <param name="isFirstRowColumn">第一行是不是DataTable列名:true=是,false=否</param>
        /// <returns>DataTable数据表</returns>
        public static DataTable ReadExcelToDataTable(List<string> mustColumnList, out Dictionary<string, bool> mustColumnDict, List<string> dateCellNames, Stream stream, string fileName, string sheetName = null, bool isFirstRowColumn = true)
        {

            mustColumnDict = new Dictionary<string, bool>();
            foreach (var item in  mustColumnList)
            {
                mustColumnDict.Add(item, false);
            }
            DataTable data = new DataTable();
            ISheet sheet = null;
            //数据开始行(标题行除外)
            int startRow = 0;
            try
            {
                if ((stream == Stream.Null || stream == null) && !File.Exists(fileName))
                {
                    return null;
                }
                IWorkbook workbook = null;
                if (stream != null && stream != Stream.Null)
                {
                    //创建工作簿
                    workbook = WorkbookFactory.Create(stream);
                }
                else if (File.Exists(fileName))
                {
                    //读入指定文件
                    FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
                    //创建工作簿
                    workbook = WorkbookFactory.Create(fs);
                }
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sheetName))
                {
                    //没有指定sheet时,获取第一个sheet
                    sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0); 
                }
                else
                {
                    sheet = workbook.GetSheet(sheetName);
                    //指定sheet没有找到时,获取第一个sheet
                    if (sheet == null)
                    {
                        sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);
                    }
                }
                if (sheet != null)
                {
                    IRow firstRow = sheet.GetRow(0);
                    int cellCount = firstRow.LastCellNum;
                    if (isFirstRowColumn)
                    {
                        int mustColumnCount = 0;
                        for (int i = firstRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; ++i)
                        {
                            ICell cell = firstRow.GetCell(i);
                            if (cell != null)
                            {
                                string cellValue = cell.StringCellValue;
                                if (cellValue != null)
                                {
                                    DataColumn column = new DataColumn(cellValue);
                                    data.Columns.Add(column);
                                    if (mustColumns.Contains(cellValue))
                                    {
                                        mustColumnCount = mustColumnCount + 1;
                                        mustColumnDict[cellValue] = true;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        if (mustColumnDict.Count != mustColumnCount)
                        {
                            return data;
                        }
                       startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum + 1;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum;
                    }
                    int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;
                    for (int i = startRow; i <= rowCount; ++i)
                    {
                        IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
                        if (row == null)
                        {
                            continue;
                        }
                        newDataRow newDataRow = data.NewRow();
                        for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; ++j)
                        {
                            if (row.GetCell(j) != null) 
                            {
                                if (dateCellNames != null && dateCellNames.Contains(data.Columns[j].ColumnName))
                                {
                                    try
                                    {
                                        if (row.GetCell(j).CellType == CellType.Numeric)
                                        {
                                            var numericValue = row.GetCell(j).NumericCellValue;
                                            newDataRow[j] = DateTime.FromOADate(numericValue).ToString("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss", System.Globalization.DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo);
                                        }
                                        else if (row.GetCell(j).CellType == CellType.String)
                                        {
                                            newDataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                            DateTime dateTime = Convert.ToDateTime(row.GetCell(j).DateCellValue);
                                            if (DateTime.MinValue.CompareTo(dateTime) == 0)
                                            {
                                                newDataRow[j] = null;
                                            }
                                            else
                                            {
                                                newDataRow[j] = dateTime.ToString();
                                            }
                                        }

                                    }
                                    catch
                                    {
                                        try
                                        {
                                            newDataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
                                        }
                                        catch
                                        {
                                         //
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    newDataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        data.Rows.Add(newDataRow);
                    }
                }
                return data;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                throw e;
            }
        }

    }
}

 

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