336.回文对

336.回文对

题解

​ 本来暴力可破，到了115/134个用例时超过了时间限制。本题可用字典树优化暴力算法。先把各个字符串倒序插入字典树，可分三种情况。

①字典树中有当前字符串的翻转单词 符合题意

②当前字符串是回文串，那么可以查找字典树中的空字符

③普通情况 检查当前字符串前j个字符组成的字符串是不是回文串，若是则检索字典树时候存在后面部分的翻转即可。 同理可从后面开始检查，提高效率

class Solution {
    public class Trie {
        Trie[] next;
        //end表示这目前这棵树是那一个索引单词的结尾
        int end;

        public Trie() {
            this.next =  new Trie[26];
            this.end = -1;
        }
        //由于待会儿用到字典树的时候，是找目标串的翻转字符串，所以插入的时候，应该是倒序插入
        public void insert(String s, int endNum){
            char[] chars = s.toCharArray();
            Trie cur = this;
            for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
                int index = chars[i] - 'a';
                if (cur.next[index] == null) cur.next[index] = new Trie();
                cur = cur.next[index];
            }
            cur.end = endNum;
        }
    }
    public List<List<Integer>> palindromePairs(String[] words) {
        //构建字典树
        Trie trie = new Trie();
        for (int i = 0; i < words.length; i++) {
            trie.insert(reverse(words[i]), i);
        }
        List<List<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<>();
        List<Integer> temp = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < words.length; i++) {
            String word = words[i];
            //先去字典树中找整个单词的翻转作为特殊情况考虑
            int index = findWord(trie, word);
            if (index != -1 && index != i) {
                addRes(res, i, index);
            }
            //还有一种特殊情况，我也是提交了没有通过才发现的，就是单词里有空字符串"",
            //这意味他可以放在任何回文串的首尾
            if (isPalindrome(word)) {
                index = findWord(trie, "");
                if (index != -1 && index != i) addRes(res, i, index);
            }
            for (int j = 0; j < word.length(); j++) {
                String ls = word.substring(0, j + 1);
                String rs = word.substring(j + 1);
                //先判断前半部分[0, j]是不是回文串
                if (isPalindrome(ls)) {
                    int pre = findWord(trie, rs);
                    if (pre != -1 && pre != i) addRes(res, pre, i);
                }
                //再判断[j + 1, end],一定要加j != word.length() - 1,要不然会和上面找整个字符串的翻转重复
                if (j != word.length() - 1 && isPalindrome(rs)) {
                    int after = findWord(trie, ls);
                    if (after != -1 && after != i) addRes(res, i, after);
                }
            }
        }
        return res;
    }

    private void addRes(List<List<Integer>> res, int i, int j) {
        List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(i);
        list.add(j);
        res.add(list);
    }

    private boolean isPalindrome(String s) {
        int i = 0;
        int j = s.length() - 1;
        char[] letters = s.toCharArray();
        while (i < j) {
            if (letters[i] != letters[j]) return false;
            i++;
            j--;
        }
        return true;
    }

    private int findWord(Trie trie, String word) {
        Trie cur = trie;
        char[] chars = word.toCharArray();
        for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
            int temp = chars[i] - 'a';
            if (cur.next[temp] == null) return -1;
            else cur = cur.next[temp];
        }
        return cur.end;
    }

    private String reverse(String word) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(word);
        return sb.reverse().toString();
    }

}