Java web 验证码程序中报错 Cannot create a session after the response has been committed

原创于 2023-06-03 19:11:31 发布 · 716 阅读

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在Javaweb项目的一个Servlet中，用于生成验证码的方法触发了IllegalStateException，因为尝试在Response已提交后创建Session。问题在于Response先输出了验证码，然后才创建Session。解决方法是将创建Session的代码移到输出数据之前。

问题描述

在我的Java web项目中，写了一个获取验证码的方法，代码如下所示

@WebServlet("/checkCodeServlet")
public class CheckCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        // 生成验证码
        ServletOutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
        String checkCode = CheckCodeUtil.outputVerifyImage(100, 50, os, 4);

        // 存入Session
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("checkCodeGen",checkCode);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

结果运行的时候报错如下所示：

在这里插入图片描述

严重: Servlet.service() for servlet [edu.aviation.web.servlet.CheckCodeServlet] in context with path [/aviation] threw exception
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot create a session after the response has been committed
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.doGetSession(Request.java:2921)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.getSession(Request.java:2318)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.RequestFacade.getSession(RequestFacade.java:899)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.RequestFacade.getSession(RequestFacade.java:911)
	at edu.aviation.web.servlet.CheckCodeServlet.doGet(CheckCodeServlet.java:20)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:728)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
	at edu.aviation.web.filter.EncodingFilter.doFilter(EncodingFilter.java:31)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:100)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:953)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1041)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:603)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

原因分析

有时候在操作Session时，系统会抛出如下异常

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot create a session after the response has been committed

之所以会出现此类问题是因为我们在Response输出响应后才创建Session的。

(因为那时候服务器已经将数据发送到客户端了，即：就无法发送Session ID 了)

解决办法：

你只需要在你的程序中将创建访问Session的语句【request.getSession()】提前至Response输出数据之前就好了。

我们将下面代码

// 存入Session
HttpSession session = request.getSession();

移动到最前面

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 存入Session
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        // 生成验证码
        ServletOutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
        String checkCode = CheckCodeUtil.outputVerifyImage(100, 50, os, 4);
        session.setAttribute("checkCodeGen",checkCode);
    }