Consider a linear function f(x) = Ax + B. Let's define g(0)(x) = x and g(n)(x) = f(g(n - 1)(x)) for n > 0. For the given integer values A, B, nand x find the value of g(n)(x) modulo 109 + 7.
The only line contains four integers A, B, n and x (1 ≤ A, B, x ≤ 109, 1 ≤ n ≤ 1018) — the parameters from the problem statement.
Note that the given value n can be too large, so you should use 64-bit integer type to store it. In C++ you can use the long long integer type and in Java you can use long integer type.
Print the only integer s — the value g(n)(x) modulo 109 + 7.
3 4 1 1
7
3 4 2 1
25
3 4 3 1
79
由于等比数列求和公式需要用到除法,所以取摸运算注意用到逆元。
( a/b ) % c == ( a*b1 ) % c;
b1=pow_mod(b,mod-2,mod);
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#define mod 1000000007
long long pow_mod(long long a,long long b,long long mod_val)
{
long long ans=1;
long long t=a%mod_val;
while(b)
{
if(b&1)
{
ans=ans*t%mod_val;
}
t = t*t%mod_val;
b>>=1;
}
return ans;
}
int main()
{
long long A,B,n,x,b,ans;
while(scanf("%lld%lld%lld%lld",&A,&B,&n,&x)!=EOF)
{
long long a=pow_mod(A,n,mod);
if(A==1)
{
ans=(x+(n%mod*B))%mod;
}
else
{
b=pow_mod(A-1,mod-2,mod);
ans=(a-1)%mod;
ans=ans*b%mod*B%mod;
ans=(ans+a*x+mod)%mod;
}
printf("%lld\n",ans);
}
}
本文探讨了如何通过快速幂和等比数列求和的方法解决迭代线性函数的求值问题。对于给定的线性函数 f(x) = Ax + B 和参数 n, x,文章介绍了计算 g(n)(x) 的值并对 10^9 + 7 取模的算法。

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