Python 函数转换到 C

我需要将一个 Python 函数转换成 C 函数，以便比较Python 和 C 代码的性能差异，具体Python 函数如下：

def decode(encstr):
        # Number of characters in string should be even
        # If it's not - remove last character
        if (len(encstr) % 2 != 0):
                encstr = encstr[:-1] # length of string - 1
        strlen = len(encstr)

        i = 0
        decrypted = []
        while (i < strlen):
                # get character at position i
                cc = encstr[i];
                # get integer representing the Unicode code point of the character
                cch = ord(cc)
                nch = ord(encstr[i + 1])
                if cc == '0':
                        v = nch
                elif cc == 'z':
                        v = cch - nch + 56
                elif cc in ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9']:
                        v = (cch - 49) * 25 + 181 - nch
                else:
                        v = cch - nch

                if(v < 0):
                        v = (v % 256) + 256

                if v > 255:
                        v = v % 256

                # append the decrypted character
                decrypted.append(chr(v))

                i += 2

        return ''.join(decrypted)

2、解决方案

有两种方法可以将此 Python 函数转换为 C 函数：

• 方法一：使用现有的 C 扩展来提高性能，例如 NumPy。

import numpy as np

def decode(encstr):
    arr = np.array(encstr, 'c').view(np.uint8) # to ASCII codes
    out = np.empty(len(encstr) / 2, np.uint8)

    out[:] = arr[::2] - arr[1::2] # v = cch - nch, default case                                                         

    mask = np.where(arr == ord('0'))[0] # cc == '0'                                                                     
    out[mask / 2] = arr[mask + 1] # v = nch                                                                             

    mask = np.where(arr == ord('z'))[0] # cc == 'z'                                                                     
    out[mask / 2] = arr[mask] - arr[mask + 1] + 56 # cch - nch + 56                                                     

    mask = np.where(np.logical_and(arr >= ord('1'), arr <= ord('9')))[0] # cc in ['1'..'9']                             
    out[mask / 2] = (arr[mask] - ord('1')) * 25 + 181 - arr[mask + 1] # (cch - ord('1')) * 25 + 181 - nch               

    return ''.join(out.view('c')) # back from ASCII codes

• 方法二：直接将 Python 函数翻译成 C 函数，代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <assert.h>

void decode( const char *encstr, 
             size_t decrypt_len, 
             char decrypt[ static decrypt_len ] )
{
  assert( encstr );

  size_t len = strlen( encstr );
  //
  // Create a local copy of the encrypted string, since we want to 
  // modify the input below
  //
  char lencstr[len + 1];
  strcpy( lencstr, encstr );

  if ( len % 2 )
    lencstr[len - 1] = 0;

  const char *cc = lencstr;
  const char *nc = cc + 1;

  while ( *cc )
  {
    int v;

    if ( *cc == '0' )
      v = *nc;
    else if ( *cc == 'z' )
      v = *cc - *nc + 56;
    else if ( isdigit( *cc )  )
      v = (*cc - 49) * 25 + 181 - *nc;
    else
      v = *cc - *nc;

    if ( v < 0 )
      v = ( v % 256 ) + 256;
    else if ( v > 255 )
      v = v % 256;
    *decrypt++ = (char) v;
    cc += 2;
    nc += 2;
  }
  *decrypt = 0;
}

int main( void )
{
  const char *enc = "0T1M1L1BtT1L1BtT1TtT1B1T1H1E1I1PtT1B2Z1C1L1G1NtTt"
                    "NtT2Z1M1T2ZtT2W1PtT1T1C1PtTzutT2Z1P1B2Z1L1G1N";
  char dec[ strlen(enc) + 1 ];

  printf( "Encrypted string: %s\n", enc );
  decode( enc, sizeof dec, dec );
  printf( "Decrypted string: %s\n", dec );
  return 0;
}