super关键字

super 关键字

主要是在继承时子类访问父类的操作

子类访问父类的属性

class Person{
    String name = "张三";
    int age = 18;
    public Person(){
        
    }
}
class Student extends Person{
    String school;
    public Student(String name,int age,String school){
        super.name = name;
        super.age = age;
        this.school = school;
    }
}
public class Practice4 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s = new Student("李四",20,"XUST");
        System.out.println(s.name);
        System.out.println(s.age);
        System.out.println(s.school);
    }
}
//执行结果
李四
20
XUST

子类访问父类的方法

class Person{
    String name = "张三";
    int age = 18;
    public void talk(){
        System.out.println("我会说话");
    }
}
class Student extends Person{
    String school;
    public Student(String school){
        super.name = name;
        super.age = age;
        this.school = school;
    }
    public void printTalk(){
        super.talk();
    }
}
public class Practice4 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s = new Student("XUST");
        System.out.println(s.name);
        System.out.println(s.age);
        System.out.println(s.school);
        s.printTalk();
    }
}
//执行结果
张三
18
XUST
我会说话

子类访问父类的构造函数

class Person{
    String name;
    int age;
}
class Student extends Person{
    String school;
}
public class Practice5 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s = new Student();
        System.out.println(s.name);
        System.out.println(s.age);
        System.out.println(s.school);
    }

}
//执行结果
null
0
null

子类访问父类的构造函数时，如果父类是无参构造，子类构造方法中会默认调用父类的无参构造，在子类的构造函数中有个隐式的 super();

class Person{
    String name;
    int age;
    public Person(String name,int age){
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
}
class Student extends Person{
    String school;
    public Student(String school) {
        super("张三",18);//必须在构造函数的第一行
        this.school = school;
    }
}
public class Practice6 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s = new Student("XUST");
        System.out.println(s.name);
        System.out.println(s.age);
        System.out.println(s.school);
    }
}
//执行结果
张三
18
XUST

Java中所以类的祖先是 Object 类，平时在某些类的构造函数中没有调用父类的构造函数，实际是已经调用了 Object 类的无参构造函数