圆周率pi的七个方法

%圆周率pi的计算

%1.随机投点法

clear all

n=10000;

k=0;

for i=1:n

    u=rand(1,1);

    x=rand(1,1);

    if u^2+x^2<1

        k=k+1;

    end

end

p=k/n*4;

p

%2.平均值法

clear all;

n=10000;

m=200; 

for j=1:m

    for i=1:n

        u=rand(1,1); 

        x(i)=sqrt(1-u^2);

    end

end

p（j）= mean(x)*4; 

p

%重要抽样法

clear all

n=10000;

for j=1:n

    for i=1:n

        u=rand(1,1);

        x(i)=sqrt(1-u^2)*(1-exp(-1))/exp(-u);

    end

    p(j)=mean(x)*4;

end

[mean(p),var(p)]

%分层抽样法

clear all

n=10000;

m=200;

for j=1:m

    for i=1:n

        x=0.5*rand(1,1);

        y=0.5+0.5*rand(1,1);

        z(i)=(sqrt(1-x^2)+sqrt(1-y^2))/2;

    end

    p(j)=mean(z)*4;

end

[mean(p),var(p)]

%控制变量法

clear all

n=10000;

m=200;

for j=1:m

    for i=1:n

        u=rand(1,1);

        z(i)=sqrt(1-u^2)+0.7363*(u^2-1/3);

    end

    p(j)=4*mean(z);

end

[mean(p),var(p)]

%对立变量法

clear all

format long

n=10000;

m=200;

for j=1:m

    for i=1:n

        u=rand(1,1);

        z(i)=1/2*(sqrt(1-u^2)+sqrt(1-(1-u)^2));

    end

    p(j)=4*mean(z);

end

[mean(p),var(p)]

%条件期望法

clear all

format long

n=10000;

m=200;

for j=1:m

    for i=1:n

        x=-1+2*rand(1,1);

        z(i)=sqrt(1-x^2);

    end

    p(j)=4*mean(z);

end

[mean(p),var(p)]